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Nat Struct Mol Biol
January 2025
Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HIRI-HZI), Würzburg, Germany.
Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) uses a number of strategies to modulate viral and host gene expression during its life cycle. To characterize the transcriptional and translational landscape of HIV-1 infected cells, we used a combination of ribosome profiling, disome sequencing and RNA sequencing. We show that HIV-1 messenger RNAs are efficiently translated at all stages of infection, despite evidence for a substantial decrease in the translational efficiency of host genes that are implicated in host cell translation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Rev Neurol
January 2025
Department of Neuroscience, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK.
Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) is a treatment option for relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS) that are refractory to disease-modifying therapy (DMT). AHSCT after failure of high-efficacy DMT in aggressive forms of relapsing-remitting MS is a generally accepted indication, yet the optimal placement of this approach in the treatment sequence is not universally agreed upon. Uncertainties also remain with respect to other indications, such as in rapidly evolving, severe, treatment-naive MS, progressive MS, and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNPJ Precis Oncol
January 2025
Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) followed by durvalumab is standard for unresectable locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC). This study assesses how CRT alters the T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire in CD8 + PD-1 + T-cells and its impact on clinical outcomes. This prospective study, conducted from November 2019 to May 2021 at three institutions in Japan, evaluated the diversity of TCR repertoire (DE50) in PD-1 + CD8 + T-cells and CD8 + T-cell phenotypes in peripheral blood before and after CRT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Laboratory of Neurolinguistics and Experimental Pragmatics (NEP), University School for Advanced Studies IUSS, Piazza della Vittoria 15, Pavia, 27100, Italy.
Physical Restraint (PR) is a coercive procedure used in emergency psychiatric care to ensure safety in life-threatening situations. Because of its traumatic nature, studies emphasize the importance of considering the patient's subjective experience. We pursued this aim by overcoming classic qualitative approaches and innovatively applying a multilayered semiautomated language analysis to a corpus of narratives about PR collected from 99 individuals across seven mental health services in Italy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBr J Haematol
January 2025
Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DiMI), Università di Genova, Genoa, Italy.
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