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Mental health challenges and perceptions of stigma among youth living with HIV in Tanzania.
PLoS One
January 2025
Duke Global Health Institute, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America.
Youth living with HIV (YLWH) face psychosocial challenges and HIV-related stigma, which impact adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART). This study was designed to understand better the change in mental health symptoms and experiences with stigma among YLWH in Tanzania who completed the original pilot Sauti ya Vijana (SYV), a mental health and life skills group intervention. YLWH who completed SYV and demonstrated a change of ≥2 points in either direction on their Patient Health Questionnaire PHQ-9 (depression screener) from baseline to 18 months were purposively sampled.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPsychiatric, Neurological, and Somatic Comorbidities in Intermittent Explosive Disorder.
JAMA Psychiatry
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Norton College of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York.
Importance: Intermittent explosive disorder (IED) is an understudied psychiatric condition marked by impulsive aggression and poorly regulated emotional control, often resulting in interpersonal and societal consequences. Better understanding of comorbidities can improve screening, diagnosis, and treatment.
Objective: To investigate the prevalence of IED and its associations with psychiatric, neurological, and somatic disorders.
Asymmetric projection of introspection reveals a behavioural and neural mechanism for interindividual social coordination.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
When we collaborate with others to tackle novel problems, we anticipate how they will perform their part of the task to coordinate behavior effectively. We might estimate how well someone else will perform by extrapolating from estimates of how well we ourselves would perform. This account predicts that our metacognitive model should make accurate predictions when projected onto people as good as, or worse than, us but not on those whose abilities exceed our own.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImproving Adolescent and Young Adult Health Through Knowledge and Action on Gender-Based Violence.
J Adolesc Health
January 2025
Gender-based violence (GBV) refers to a specific form of interpersonal violence that is rooted in gender inequities and unequal distribution of power. GBV is defined as any type of violence, including physical, sexual, psychological, and economic, perpetrated against individual(s) based on actual or perceived gender, gender identity, gender expression, sex or sex characteristics, sexual orientation, or divergence from social norms on masculinity and femininity. Cisgender (cis) and transgender (trans) women and girls of all ages, including adolescents and young adults (AYAs) of ages 10-24 years, disproportionately experience GBV.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKeypoints-Based Multi-Cue Feature Fusion Network (MF-Net) for Action Recognition of ADHD Children in TOVA Assessment.
Bioengineering (Basel)
November 2024
College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder among children and adolescents. Behavioral detection and analysis play a crucial role in ADHD diagnosis and assessment by objectively quantifying hyperactivity and impulsivity symptoms. Existing video-based action recognition algorithms focus on object or interpersonal interactions, they may overlook ADHD-specific behaviors.
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