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New fundamental evidence of non-classical structure in the combination of natural concepts.
Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci
January 2016
Department of Mathematics, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, Canada V1V 1V7.
We recently performed cognitive experiments on conjunctions and negations of two concepts with the aim of investigating the combination problem of concepts. Our experiments confirmed the deviations (conceptual vagueness, underextension, overextension etc.) from the rules of classical (fuzzy) logic and probability theory observed by several scholars in concept theory, while our data were successfully modelled in a quantum-theoretic framework developed by ourselves.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFConcepts and their dynamics: a quantum-theoretic modeling of human thought.
Top Cogn Sci
October 2013
Center Leo Apostel for Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Mathematics, Brussels Free University.
We analyze different aspects of our quantum modeling approach of human concepts and, more specifically, focus on the quantum effects of contextuality, interference, entanglement, and emergence, illustrating how each of them makes its appearance in specific situations of the dynamics of human concepts and their combinations. We point out the relation of our approach, which is based on an ontology of a concept as an entity in a state changing under influence of a context, with the main traditional concept theories, that is, prototype theory, exemplar theory, and theory theory. We ponder about the question why quantum theory performs so well in its modeling of human concepts, and we shed light on this question by analyzing the role of complex amplitudes, showing how they allow to describe interference in the statistics of measurement outcomes, while in the traditional theories statistics of outcomes originates in classical probability weights, without the possibility of interference.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFQuantum theoretic QSAR of benzene derivatives: some enzyme inhibitors.
J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem
June 2004
Università degli Studi, Laboratorio di Chimica Inorganica e Bioinorganica, Via Gino Capponi 7, 1-50121, Florence, Italy.
Our previously developed approach to the development of QSAR equations for benzene derivatives, originally for phenylalkylamine hallucinogens, has been applied to four new systems: sulfonamide inhibitors of the enzymes carbonic anhydrase, thrombin, trypsin, and Clostridium histolyticum collagenase. The novel features involve the energies and nodal orientations of pi-like orbitals, and an allowance for the symmetry of the benzene nucleus. The resulting equations give better fits, better predictivity and are more easily interpretable than those resulting from traditional QSAR methods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrediction of halocarbon toxicity from structure: a hierarchical QSAR approach.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol
March 2004
Natural Resources Research Institute, University of Minnesota Duluth, 5013 Miller Trunk Hwy., Duluth, MN 55811, USA.
Mathematical structural invariants and quantum theoretical descriptors have been used extensively in quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) for the estimation of pharmaceutical activities, biological properties, physicochemical properties, and the toxicities of chemicals. Recently our research team has explored the relative importance of various levels of chemodescriptors, i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFQSAR of benzene derivatives: comparison of classical descriptors, quantum theoretic parameters and flip regression, exemplified by phenylalkylamine hallucinogens.
J Comput Aided Mol Des
August 2003
Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, W.A. 6009, Australia.
A physical model of electronic effects in the QSAR of benzene derivatives, together with a regression technique for finding predictive equations, is presented. The model is simple, based on the quantum theoretic description of the benzene molecule, and accounts for the variance in activity of hallucinogenic phenylalkylamines as well as a classical description in terms of electronic (atomic charge, orbital energy), hydrophobic (Hansch pi) and steric (substituent volume) terms. The new model involves the energies of four pi-like near frontier orbitals and the orientations of their nodes.
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