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Synergetic effect of fungal pretreatment and lignin modification on delignification and saccharification: a case study of a natural lignin mutant in mulberry.
Biotechnol Biofuels Bioprod
January 2025
Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan.
Background: Fungal pretreatment for partial separation of lignocellulosic components may reduce lignocellulose recalcitrance during the production of biofuels and biochemicals. Quantitative and qualitative modification of plant lignin through genetic engineering or traditional breeding may also reduce the recalcitrance. This study was conducted to examine the effects of combining these two approaches using three white rot fungi and mulberry wood with an altered lignin structure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluation of undergraduate forensic medicine education in Nepal: a critical analysis using Schwab's five commonplaces and Schubert's curriculum images.
BMC Med Educ
January 2025
Department of Forensic Medicine, Karnali Academy of Health Sciences, Chandannath, Jumla, 21200, Nepal.
Following the establishment of Nepal's first medical college in 1972, forensic medicine was introduced in 1978. To date, 25 medical colleges in the country have included forensic medicine as a compulsory subject in the undergraduate medical curriculum. Although this subject has been introduced into the medical curriculum, the outcome is unsatisfactory, as reflected by the poor medico-legal reports prepared by newly graduated medical students.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFpH-sensitive nano-drug delivery systems dual-target endothelial cells and macrophages for enhanced treatment of atherosclerosis.
Drug Deliv Transl Res
January 2025
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by vascular endothelial dysfunction. In the early stage of the disease, endothelial cell injury induces the infiltration of inflammatory macrophages, which secrete large amounts of inflammatory factors, further aggravating endothelial cell dysfunction and exacerbating the disease. Therefore, it is promising for co-targeting endothelial cells and macrophages further regulating the inflammatory microenvironment and endothelial cell function for effective treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAccuracy of remote, video-based supraventricular tachycardia detection in patients undergoing elective electrical cardioversion: a prospective cohort.
J Clin Monit Comput
January 2025
Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper 3, 5612 AZ, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
Unobtrusive pulse rate monitoring by continuous video recording, based on remote photoplethysmography (rPPG), might enable early detection of perioperative arrhythmias in general ward patients. However, the accuracy of an rPPG-based machine learning model to monitor the pulse rate during sinus rhythm and arrhythmias is unknown. We conducted a prospective, observational diagnostic study in a cohort with a high prevalence of arrhythmias (patients undergoing elective electrical cardioversion).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlkali and sulfate effects on mechanical properties and microscopic mechanisms of slag and fly ash geopolymers.
Sci Rep
January 2025
College of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China.
Aiming at the problem that it is difficult to realize low-cost, high-performance and large-scale utilization of cementitious materials prepared from bulk solid wastes, this paper constructs a set of composite cementitious system based on alkaline activation of slag and fly ash (FA) by calcium carbide slag (CCS) and synergistic activation of sodium sulfate (NaSO) as a chemical dopant. The influence of factors such as solid waste type, mixing ratio, and NaSO content on the mechanical properties of composite cementitious systems was investigated by assessing compressive strength and analyzing microstructure using XRD, SEM-EDS, and FTIR. The test results indicate that CCS and NaSO exert significant influences on the strength of the composite cementitious system.
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