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EMC3 is critical for CFTR function and calcium mobilization in the mouse intestinal epithelium.
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol
January 2025
Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States.
Article Synopsis
- Membrane proteins, particularly CFTR, are essential for gastrointestinal health, while the endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein complex (EMC) is crucial for inserting these proteins into cell membranes during synthesis.
- In mice with a deleted EMC subunit (EMC3ΔIEC), researchers found smaller size and altered intestinal structures, with fewer important cell types like goblet and Paneth cells.
- The study revealed that EMC is vital for the proper functioning of membrane proteins and maintaining calcium levels in intestinal epithelial cells, suggesting its importance in overall cellular functions.
Polytopic fractional delivery of an HIV vaccine alters cellular responses and results in increased epitope breadth in a phase 1 randomized trial.
EBioMedicine
February 2024
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Background: Elicitation of broad immune responses is understood to be required for an efficacious preventative HIV vaccine. This Phase 1 randomized controlled trial evaluated whether administration of vaccine antigens separated at multiple injection sites vs combined, fractional delivery at multiple sites affected T-cell breadth compared to standard, single site vaccination.
Methods: We randomized 90 participants to receive recombinant adenovirus 5 (rAd5) vector with HIV inserts gag, pol and env via three different strategies.
Targeted Proteomics Reveals Quantitative Differences in Low-Abundance Glycosyltransferases of Patients with Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation.
Int J Mol Sci
January 2024
Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Protein glycosylation is an essential post-translational modification in all domains of life. Its impairment in humans can result in severe diseases named congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDGs). Most of the glycosyltransferases (GTs) responsible for proper glycosylation are polytopic membrane proteins that represent challenging targets in proteomics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvolution of the Sabulina verna group (Caryophyllaceae) in Europe: A deep split, followed by secondary contacts, multiple allopolyploidization and colonization of challenging substrates.
Mol Phylogenet Evol
December 2023
Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic; Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 43 Průhonice, Czech Republic. Electronic address:
One of the major goals of contemporary evolutionary biology is to elucidate the relative roles of allopatric and ecological differentiation and polyploidy in speciation. In this study, we address the taxonomically intricate Sabulina verna group, which has a disjunct Arctic-alpine postglacial range in Europe and occupies a broad range of ecological niches, including substrates toxic to plants. Using genome-wide ddRAD sequencing combined with morphometric analyses based on extensive sampling of 111 natural populations, we aimed to disentangle internal evolutionary relationships and examine their correspondence with the pronounced edaphic and ploidy diversity within the group.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFResidues forming the gating regions of asymmetric multidrug transporter Pdr5 also play roles in conformational switching and protein folding.
J Biol Chem
December 2022
The Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, USA. Electronic address:
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) multidrug transporters are large, polytopic membrane proteins that exhibit astonishing promiscuity for their transport substrates. These transporters unidirectionally efflux thousands of structurally and functionally distinct compounds. To preclude the reentry of xenobiotic molecules via the drug-binding pocket, these proteins contain a highly conserved molecular gate, essentially allowing the transporters to function as molecular diodes.
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