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Evaluation of extracts from used Xpert MTB/RIF cartridges for detection of resistance to second-line anti-tuberculosis drugs in patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Ethiopia.
BMC Microbiol
January 2025
Mycobacteriology Research Center, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia.
Background: Early and accurate diagnosis of drug resistance, including resistance to second-line anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs, is crucial for the effective control and management of pre-extensively drug-resistant TB (pre-XDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB). The Xpert MTB/XDR assay is the WHO recommended method for detecting resistance to isoniazid and second-line anti-TB drugs when rifampicin resistance is detected. Currently, the Xpert MTB/XDR assay is not yet implemented in Ethiopia, thus the MTBDRsl assay continues to be used.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical application of time-of-flight mass spectrometry nucleic acid detection technology in diagnosis of drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis
January 2025
Henan Provincial Chest Hospital tuberculosis within Six/Critical Illness Area, Henan Infectious Diseases(TB)Clinical Research Center, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China. Electronic address:
Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the clinical diagnostic value of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) for tuberculosis and drug-resistant tuberculosis.
Patients And Methods: Totally 201 pulmonary tuberculosis patients were recruited retrospectively. All patients underwent smear microscopy, Mycobacterium growth indicator tube (MGIT) 960 culture, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) molecular testing, Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert), and MassARRAY assay which is a MALDI-TOF MS based method.
Policy analysis: Key milestones in MDR-TB management over the past decade in South Africa.
J Public Health Afr
December 2024
School of Nursing, Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa.
Background: Significant strides have been made globally and in South Africa (SA) in the policy and biomedical management of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). However, MDR-TB remains a significant public health threat.
Aim: This policy content analysis aims to explore the key milestones in MDR-TB management in SA and globally over the last decade, 2013-2023, to identify gaps and opportunities for improvement.
Emergence of antibiotic-specific phenotypes during prolonged treatment of mice.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
January 2025
Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
A major challenge in tuberculosis (TB) therapeutics is that antibiotic exposure leads to changes in the physiology of (), which may enable the pathogen to withstand treatment. While antibiotic-treated has been evaluated in experiments it is unclear if and how long-term treatment with diverse antibiotics with varying treatment-shortening activity (sterilizing activity) affects physiologic processes differently. Here, we used SEARCH-TB, a pathogen-targeted RNA-sequencing platform, to characterize the transcriptome in the BALB/c high-dose aerosol infection mouse model following 4 weeks of treatment with three sterilizing and three non-sterilizing antibiotics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFluoroquinolones and rifampin combination in the backdrop of heteroresistant tuberculosis.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
January 2025
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Texas at Tyler School of Medicine, Tyler, Texas, USA.
The impact of heteroresistance on tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcomes is unclear, as is the role of different rifampin and isoniazid exposures on developing resistance mutations. Hollow fiber system model of TB (HFS-TB) units were inoculated with drug-susceptible () and treated with isoniazid and rifampin exposure identified in a clinical trial as leading to treatment failure and acquired drug resistance. Systems were sampled for drug concentration measurements, estimation of total and drug-resistant , and small molecule overlapping reads (SMOR) analysis for the detection of heteroresistance.
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