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Breakthrough Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia in an Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipient.
Cureus
June 2024
Department of Internal Medicine, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, USA.
pneumonia (PCP), which is currently referred to as pneumonia, is an opportunistic fungal infection that commonly affects immunocompromised patients, and it is potentially fatal. Individuals at risk include those whose host immunity has been altered by underlying disease states, such as HIV and cancer patients, as well as transplant recipients and those taking immunosuppressive medications. Here, we present a case of a breakthrough PCP infection of an adult allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant patient who was infected despite prophylaxis with inhaled pentamidine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDetection of methaemoglobinaemia in a COVID-19 patient on dapsone.
BMJ Case Rep
January 2024
University of Florida Health, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
Article Synopsis
- - Methaemoglobinaemia is a condition where iron in haemoglobin is oxidized, preventing effective oxygen transport, and can lead to severe health issues, especially in untreated cases.
- - It can be particularly relevant in COVID-19 patients experiencing prolonged hypoxia despite standard treatments, often diagnosed by comparing peripheral and arterial oxygen levels.
- - A case study highlights a COVID-19 patient who developed methaemoglobinaemia from dapsone used for pneumonia prevention; treatment involved stopping the medication and providing supplemental oxygen, resulting in improvement.
Diagnostic value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing of lower respiratory tract specimen for the diagnosis of suspected pneumonia.
Ann Med
December 2023
Emergency Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Aim: To evaluate diagnostic performance of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) for pneumonia (PCP), in comparison with polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Gomori methenamine silver (GMS) staining and serum 1,3-β-d-Glucan (BG) assay.
Methods: 52 PCP patients and 103 patients with non-pneumocystic jirovecii pneumonia (non-PCP) were enrolled, and comparative analysis was conducted of different diagnostic tests. Clinical features and co-pathogen characteristics were reviewed.
High incidence of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in oncological patients: a 19-year study.
Epidemiol Mikrobiol Imunol
June 2023
Aim: In the past, Pneumocystis jirovecii belonged to the Protozoa group, but is currently taxonomically included in the kingdom Fungi. P. jirovecii is an opportunistic pathogen, responsible for pneumocystis pneumonia with frequent complications of immunocompromised patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpidemiology of Pneumonia and (Non-)use of Prophylaxis.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol
June 2021
Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
Article Synopsis
- Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a serious illness that can occur in patients with AIDS, especially when their CD4 T-cell count drops below 200 cells/μL, prompting the need for prophylaxis.
- A recent study analyzed data from three hospitals to determine the prevalence of PCP and whether patients received prophylaxis before their infection, focusing on patients with and without HIV.
- Out of 204 patients evaluated with positive PCR tests for PCP, only 7% had received appropriate prophylaxis, even though 87% were eligible based on medical guidelines, highlighting a significant gap in preventive care.
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