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http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pa.08.040168.001305 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
January 2025
Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Maxim Gorki, 30, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia.
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) productivity and quality can be threatened by soil cadmium (Cd) contamination, posing a concern to food security. Salicylic acid (SA) is an endogenously produced signaling molecule that activates the defense system imparting abiotic stress tolerance in plants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Metab
January 2025
Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Tumor Microenvironment Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. Electronic address:
Cellular therapies are living drugs whose efficacy depends on persistence and survival. Expansion of therapeutic T cells employs hypermetabolic culture conditions to promote T cell expansion. We show that typical in vitro expansion conditions generate metabolically and functionally impaired T cells more reliant on aerobic glycolysis than those expanding in vivo.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Opin Neurobiol
January 2025
Department of Physiology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Subconscious breathing is generated by a network of brainstem nodes with varying purposes, like pacing breathing or patterning a certain breath phase. Decades of anatomy, pharmacology, and physiology studies have identified and characterized the system's fundamental properties that produce robust breathing, and we now have well-conceived computational models of breathing that are based on the detailed descriptions of neuronal connectivity, biophysical properties, and functions in breathing. In total, we have a considerable understanding of the brainstem breathing control circuit.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExp Mol Pathol
January 2025
Department of Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. Electronic address:
Adenosine serves as a critical homeostatic regulator, exerting influence over physiological and pathological conditions in the cardiovascular system. During cellular stress, increased extracellular adenosine levels have been implicated in conferring cardioprotective effects through the activation of adenosine receptors with the A adenosine receptor subtype showing the highest expression in the heart. A adenosine receptor stimulation inhibits adenylyl cyclase activity via heterotrimeric G proteins, leading to the activation of distinct downstream effectors involved in cardiovascular homeostasis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVet Res Commun
January 2025
Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Rodovia Dourados - Itahum, km 12, Cidade Universitária, Dourados, MS, Brasil.
Aflatoxin is a mycotoxin produced by fungi of the genus Aspergillus that is present in various foods. Probiotics are well-established products in aquaculture, and due to their effective contribution to the intestine, they can be used as an aflatoxin adsorbent. This study evaluated the effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on enzymatic activity and intestinal function in Piaractus mesopotamicus (pacu) fingerlings fed diets containing a probiotic-based adsorbent (PBA).
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