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Vitamin D3/VDR alleviates double-stranded RNA virus -induced biliary epithelial cell damage by inhibiting autophagy.
BMC Gastroenterol
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, China.
Background: The increased apoptosis of bile duct epithelial cells (BECs) due to some damage factors is considered the initiating factor in the occurrence and progression of biliary atresia (BA). Vitamin D receptor (VDR) is thought to play a crucial role in maintaining the intrinsic immune balance and integrity of bile duct epithelial cells (BECs). To investigate the role of VDRs in the pathogenesis and progression of BA using in vitro and in vivo models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOligodendrocytes in Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology.
Nat Neurosci
January 2025
Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.
Our understanding of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has transformed from a purely neuronal perspective to one that acknowledges the involvement of glial cells. Despite remarkable progress in unraveling the biology of microglia, astrocytes and vascular elements, the exploration of oligodendrocytes in AD is still in its early stages. Contrary to the traditional notion of oligodendrocytes as passive bystanders in AD pathology, emerging evidence indicates their active participation in and reaction to amyloid and tau pathology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFpH-sensitive nano-drug delivery systems dual-target endothelial cells and macrophages for enhanced treatment of atherosclerosis.
Drug Deliv Transl Res
January 2025
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by vascular endothelial dysfunction. In the early stage of the disease, endothelial cell injury induces the infiltration of inflammatory macrophages, which secrete large amounts of inflammatory factors, further aggravating endothelial cell dysfunction and exacerbating the disease. Therefore, it is promising for co-targeting endothelial cells and macrophages further regulating the inflammatory microenvironment and endothelial cell function for effective treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemical- and photo-activation of protein-protein thiol-ene coupling for protein profiling.
Commun Chem
January 2025
School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
The thiol-ene reaction between an alkene and a thiol can be exploited for selective labelling of cysteine residues in protein profiling applications. Here, we explore thiol-ene activation in systems from chemical models to complex cellular milieus, using UV, visible wavelength and redox initiators. Initial studies in chemical models required an oxygen-free environment for efficient coupling and showed very poor activation when using a redox initiator.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSubcellular mitochondrial heterogeneity enables opposing metabolic demands.
Trends Endocrinol Metab
January 2025
Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Michigan Medicine at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. Electronic address:
Mitochondria perform essential metabolic processes that sustain cellular bioenergetics and biosynthesis. In a recent article, Ryu et al. explored how mitochondria coordinate biochemical reactions with opposing redox demands within the same cell.
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