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Importance of Modulating Kynurenic Acid Metabolism-Approaches for the Treatment of Dementia.
Biomolecules
January 2025
Karl Landsteiner Research Institute for Neurochemistry, Neuropharmacology, Neurorehabilitation and Pain Therapy, 3362 Mauer-Amstetten, Austria.
In this article, we focus on kynurenic acid metabolism in neuropsychiatric disorders and the biochemical processes involved in memory and cognitive impairment, followed by different approaches in the fight against dementia. Kynurenic acid-a biochemical part of L-tryptophan catabolism-is synthesized from L-kynurenine by kynurenine aminotransferases. Experimental pharmacological studies have shown that elevated levels of kynurenic acid in the brain are associated with impaired learning and that lowering kynurenic acid levels can improve these symptoms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Linezolid is included in most of the regimens for treatment of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis. The prior publications presented the safety profile and clinical effectiveness of linezolid.
Objectives: The research objectives of this study include: description of cumulative incidence rates of linezolid-induced adverse events, assessment of associations of those events with different variables, evaluation of the adverse event management and impacts of the unfavorable events on the effectiveness of treatment for rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis.
Patch Test-Positive Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms Syndrome Due to Cycloserine in Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis: A Case Report with a Review of the Literature.
Am J Trop Med Hyg
January 2025
Department of Dermatology, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India.
Antitubercular treatment (ATT) is associated with multiple cutaneous adverse drug reactions. Second-line ATT is also associated with numerous adverse reactions; however, cutaneous reactions are under-reported. Oral drug provocation (ODP) in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis is challenging because of the paucity of time and the risk of developing secondary drug resistance in the case of interrupted medication.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInhibiting De Novo Biosynthesis of Ceramide by L-Cycloserine Can Prevent Light-Induced Retinal Degeneration in Albino BALB/c Mice.
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
Retinal degenerative diseases lead to irreversible vision loss due to photoreceptor cell death, driven by complex genetic and environmental factors. Ceramide, a sphingolipid metabolite, emerges as a critical mediator in the apoptotic cascade associated with retinal degeneration. Our previous work demonstrated L-Cycloserine's ability to protect photoreceptor-derived cells from oxidative stress by inhibiting the de novo ceramide pathway and thus prompting further investigation on its effect in the in vivo retina.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComputational modeling design of novel NMDAR agonist for the treatment of Schizophrenia.
Neurogenetics
January 2025
Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria.
Schizophrenia (SZ) is a complex, chronic mental disorder characterized by positive symptoms (such as delusions and hallucinations), negative symptoms (including anhedonia, alogia, avolition, and social withdrawal), and cognitive deficits (affecting attention, processing speed, verbal and visuospatial learning, problem-solving, working memory, and mental flexibility). Extensive animal and clinical studies have emphasized the NMDAR hypofunction hypothesis of SZ. Glycine plays a crucial role as an agonist of NMDAR, enhancing the receptor's affinity for glutamate and supporting normal synaptic function and plasticity, that is, signal transmission between neurons.
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