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Stress Relaxation for Lead Iodide Nucleation in Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells.
Adv Mater
January 2025
Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education of China, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
Porous lead iodide (PbI) film is crucial for the complete reaction between PbI and ammonium salts in sequential-deposition technology so as to achieve high crystallinity perovskite film. Herein, it is found that the tensile stress in tin (IV) oxide (SnO) electron transport layer (ETL) is a key factor influencing the morphology and crystallization of PbI films. Focusing on this, lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate (LiOTf) is used as an interfacial modifier in the SnO/PbI interface to decrease the tensile stress to reduce the necessary critical Gibbs free energy for PbI nuclei formation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNon-ionic surfactant self-assembly in calcium nitrate tetrahydrate and related salts.
Soft Matter
January 2025
School of Chemistry and University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
Self-assembly of amphiphilic molecules can take place in extremely concentrated salt solutions, such as inorganic molten salt hydrates or hydrous melts. The intermolecular interactions governing the organization of amphiphilic molecules under such extreme conditions are not yet fully understood. In this study, we investigated the specific effects of ions on the self-assembly of the non-ionic surfactant CH(OCHCH)OH (CE) under extreme salt concentrations, using calcium nitrate tetrahydrate as a reference.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGraft-to/Graft-From Synthesis of Janus Graft Copolymers for Bottlebrush Polymer Electrolytes.
Macromol Rapid Commun
January 2025
Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
Janus graft copolymers, which combine the characteristics of block and graft copolymers, have been used in the fields of reaction catalysis, surface modification, and drug delivery, but their applications in lithium batteries have rarely been reported. Herein, Janus graft copolymers with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polystyrene (PS) side chains are synthesized by combining reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization and atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) methods and doped with lithium salts to fabricate Janus bottlebrush polymer electrolytes (PEG-J-PS). The PEG side chains of the brush polymers impart good ion-conducting properties to the electrolytes, while the PS side chains improve the mechanical strength and thermal and chemical stability of the electrolytes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExploring the Impact of Ionic Additives on the Structure and Energetics of Dye-Sensitized NiO Interfaces: Insights from Electrochemistry and First-Principles Calculations.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
January 2025
Université de Lorraine and CNRS, LPCT, UMR 7019, F-54000 Nancy, France.
The efficient functioning of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) is governed by the interplay of three essential components: the semiconductor, the dye, and the electrolyte. While the impact of the electrolyte composition on the device's performance has been extensively studied in n-type DSSCs, much less is known about p-type-based devices. Here, we investigate the effect of potential-determining ions on the energetics and stability of dye-sensitized NiO surfaces by using electrochemical, ab initio molecular dynamics simulations, and ab initio electronic structure calculations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFformation of ultrahigh molecular weight polymers in highly concentrated electrolytes and their physicochemical properties.
Soft Matter
January 2025
Research Center for Macromolecules & Biomaterials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba 305-0047, Japan.
We developed a facile one-pot method for fabricating physical gels consisting of ultrahigh molecular weight (UHMW) polymers and highly concentrated lithium salt electrolytes. We previously reported physical gels formed from the entanglement of UHMW polymers by radical polymerisation in aprotic ionic liquids. In this study, we found that the molecular weight of methacrylate polymers formed by radical polymerisation increased with the concentration of lithium salts in the organic solvents.
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