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Antarctic krill vertical migrations modulate seasonal carbon export.
Science
January 2025
Australian Antarctic Program Partnership, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, nipaluna/Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
Vertical migrations by marine organisms contribute to carbon export by consumption of surface phytoplankton followed by defecation in the deep ocean. However, biogeochemical models lack observational data, leading to oversimplified representation of carbon cycling by migrating organisms, such as Antarctic krill (). Using a numerical model informed by 1 year of acoustic observations in the East Antarctic, we estimated the total particulate organic carbon (POC) flux from krill fecal pellets to be 9.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClass-specific school closures for seasonal influenza: Optimizing timing and duration to prevent disease spread and minimize educational losses.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Health Informatics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
School closures are a safe and important strategy for preventing infectious diseases in schools. However, the effects of school closures have not been fully demonstrated, and prolonged school closures have a negative impact on students and communities. This study evaluated class-specific school closure strategies to prevent the spread of seasonal influenza and determine the optimal timing and duration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfluences of gonad developmental stage on ovary selenium concentrations in fish-implications for ovary selenium monitoring.
Environ Toxicol Chem
January 2025
Windward Environmental LLC, Seattle, WA, USA.
Monitoring selenium (Se) concentrations in fish ovaries is an important tool for evaluating the ecological risk posed by Se in aquatic systems. Most guidance recommends sampling fish ovaries as closely as possible to when fish spawn on the premise that Se is mobilized from the liver to the ovary during vitellogenesis, and therefore, sampling ovaries during the early phases of oocyte maturation may underestimate egg Se concentrations at the time of spawning. In this study, we evaluated ovary Se data from two species with synchronous oocyte development (Ptychocheilus oregonensis and Prosopium williamsoni), one species with asynchronous oocyte development (Richardsonius balteatus), and one where the mode of development is unclear (Mylocheilus caurinus).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDating the bacterial tree of life based on ancient symbiosis.
Syst Biol
January 2025
Simon F. S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR.
Obtaining a timescale for bacterial evolution is crucial to understand early life evolution but is difficult owing to the scarcity of bacterial fossils. Here, we introduce multiple new time constraints to calibrate bacterial evolution based on ancient symbiosis. This idea is implemented using a bacterial tree constructed with genes found in the mitochondrial lineages phylogenetically embedded within Proteobacteria.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicroplastic accumulation in various bird species in Turkey.
Environ Toxicol Chem
January 2025
Biology Department, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, University of Recep Tayyip Erdogan, Merkez, Rize, Türkiye.
Plastic pollution constitutes one of the major environmental problems of our time, and in recent years, it has emerged as a significant threat to the environment and to various organisms, including bird species. In this context, this study, which provides the first data in Türkiye, aimed to determine the level of microplastic (MP) pollution in 12 bird species (Eurasian buzzard; short-toed snake-eagle; white stork; northern long-eared owl; common barn-owl; ruddy shelduck; Eurasian eagle-owl; scarlet macaw; common pheasant; Indian peafowl; common kestrel; and gray parrot). The results indicate that MPs were detected in 50% of the specimens (n = 20), with an average of one MP/item per individual.
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