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The cerebellum role in cognition and its functional bi-directional connectivity with prefrontal cortex (PFC) is well recognized. However, how chronic cerebellar dysfunction affects PFC function and cognition remains less understood. Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1), is an inherited, fatal neurodegenerative disease caused by an abnormal expansion of glutamine (Q) encoding CAG repeats in the gene Ataxin-1 (ATXN1) and characterized by severe loss of Purkinje cells (PCs) in the cerebellum.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClimate change-induced population pressure drives high rates of lethal violence in the Prehispanic central Andes.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
April 2022
Department of Anthropology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106.
Understanding the influence of climate change and population pressure on human conflict remains a critically important topic in the social sciences. Long-term records that evaluate these dynamics across multiple centuries and outside the range of modern climatic variation are especially capable of elucidating the relative effect of—and the interaction between—climate and demography. This is crucial given that climate change may structure population growth and carrying capacity, while both climate and population influence per capita resource availability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMixture toxicity, cumulative risk, and environmental justice in United States federal policy, 1980-2016 : Why, with much known, was little done?
Environ Health
September 2021
Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
Toxic chemicals - "toxicants" - have been studied and regulated as single entities, and, carcinogens aside, almost all toxicants, single or mixed and however altered, have been thought harmless in very low doses or very weak concentrations. Yet much work in recent decades has shown that toxicants can injure wildlife, laboratory animals, and humans following exposures previously expected to be harmless. Additional work has shown that toxicants can act not only individually and cumulatively but also collectively and even synergistically and that they affect disadvantaged communities inordinately - and therefore, as argued by reformers, unjustly.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlioblastoma in a female neurofibromatosis 1 patient without IDH1, BRAF V600E, and TERT promoter mutations: A case report.
Medicine (Baltimore)
April 2021
Department of Neurosurgery.
Rationale: Glioblastoma is the most lethal and common malignant brain tumor but rare in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1. The clinical findings and pathological findings with gene signatures in female patients have not been well clarified.
Patient Concerns: A 51-year-old female patient complained of headache and left limb weakness lasting for 20 days.
A case report of primary cardiac fibroma: an effective approach for diagnosis and therapy of a pathologically benign tumour with an unfavourable prognosis.
Eur Heart J Case Rep
August 2020
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-Shimmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan.
Background: Primary cardiac fibroma is exceedingly rare. This condition involves a significant risk of life-threatening arrhythmias during follow-up and its prognosis is not as favourable as other benign tumours. We report a case of cardiac fibroma that was preoperatively diagnosed with echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging.
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