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High dietary K intake inhibits proximal tubule transport.
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol
August 2023
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill-Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States.
The impact of chronic dietary K loading on proximal tubule (PT) function was measured using free-flow micropuncture along with measurements of overall kidney function, including urine volume, glomerular filtration rate, and absolute and fractional Na and K excretion in the rat. Feeding animals a diet with 5% KCl [high K (HK)] for 7 days reduced glomerular filtration rate by 29%, increased urine volume by 77%, and increased absolute K excretion by 202% compared with rats on a 1% KCl [control K (CK)] diet. HK did not change absolute Na excretion but significantly increased fraction excretion of Na (1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Benefit of Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter Inhibition in Heart Failure: The Role of the Kidney.
Int J Mol Sci
October 2022
Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 48033 Cotignola, Italy.
In the essential homeostatic role of kidney, two intrarenal mechanisms are prominent: the glomerulotubular balance driving the process of Na and water reabsorption in the proximal tubule, and the tubuloglomerular feedback which senses the Na concentration in the filtrate by the juxtaglomerular apparatus to provide negative feedback on the glomerular filtration rate. In essence, the two mechanisms regulate renal oxygen consumption. The renal hyperfiltration driven by increased glomerular filtration pressure and by glucose diuresis can affect renal O consumption that unleashes detrimental sympathetic activation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRegulation of glomerulotubular balance. IV. Implication of aquaporin 1 in flow-dependent proximal tubule transport and cell volume.
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol
December 2022
Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.
The water channel aquaporin-1 (AQP1) is the principal water pathway for isotonic water reabsorption in the kidney proximal tubule (PT). We investigated flow-mediated fluid () and [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text]) reabsorption in PTs of the mouse kidney by microperfusion in wild-type (WT) and AQP1 knockout (KO) mice. Experiments were simulated in an adaptation of a mathematical model of the rat PT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMitochondria in Diabetic Kidney Disease.
Cells
October 2021
Department of Foundational Sciences, College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48858, USA.
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of end stage renal disease (ESRD) in the USA. The pathogenesis of DKD is multifactorial and involves activation of multiple signaling pathways with merging outcomes including thickening of the basement membrane, podocyte loss, mesangial expansion, tubular atrophy, and interstitial inflammation and fibrosis. The glomerulo-tubular balance and tubule-glomerular feedback support an increased glomerular filtration and tubular reabsorption, with the latter relying heavily on ATP and increasing the energy demand.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRestoration of proximal tubule flow-activated transport prevents cyst growth in polycystic kidney disease.
JCI Insight
May 2021
Department of C&M Physiology and.
Flow-activated Na+ and HCO3- transport in kidney proximal tubules (PT) underlies relatively constant fractional reabsorption during changes in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) or glomerulotubular balance (GTB). In view of hypothesized connections of epithelial cilia to flow sensing, we examined flow-activated transport in 3 polycystic kidney disease-related mouse models based on inducible conditional KO of Pkd1, Pkd2, and Kif3a. PTs were harvested from mice after gene inactivation but prior to cyst formation, and flow-mediated PT transport was measured.
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