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Use of Machine Learning to Assess the Management of Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection.
JAMA Netw Open
January 2025
Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Healthcare Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
Importance: Uncomplicated urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common indication for outpatient antimicrobial therapy. National guidelines for the management of uncomplicated UTI were published in 2011, but the extent to which they align with current practices, patient diversity, and pathogen biology, all of which have evolved greatly in the time since their publication, is not fully known.
Objective: To reevaluate the effectiveness and adverse event profile for first-line antibiotics, fluoroquinolones, and oral β-lactams for treating uncomplicated UTI in contemporary clinical practice.
Quantifying the Relationship Between At-Home Shoulder Physiotherapy Participation and Outcome: What can a Watch Tell Us?
J Am Acad Orthop Surg
January 2025
From the Holland Bone and Joint Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Boyer, Burns, Razmjou, Renteria, Sheth, Richards, and Whyne), the Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Burns, Sheth, Richards, and Whyne), the Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Boyer, Burns, and Whyne), the Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Razmjou), and the Sunnybrook Orthopaedic Upper Limb (SOUL), Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Sheth, Richards, and Whyne).
Introduction: Exercise-based physiotherapy is an established treatment of rotator cuff injury. Objective assessment of at-home exercise is critical to understand its relationship with clinical outcomes. This study uses the Smart Physiotherapy Activity Recognition System to measure at-home physiotherapy participation in patients with rotator cuff injury based on inertial sensor data captured from smart watches.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Diagnostic Utility of Host RNA Biosignatures in Adult Patients With Sepsis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Crit Care Explor
February 2025
Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Objectives: Sepsis is a life-threatening medical emergency, with a profound healthcare burden globally. Its pathophysiology is complex, heterogeneous and temporally dynamic, making diagnosis challenging. Medical management is predicated on early diagnosis and timely intervention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe effect of Lewy body (co-)pathology on the clinical and imaging phenotype of amnestic patients.
Brain
January 2025
Reina Sofia Alzheimer Centre, CIEN Foundation, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.
Lewy body (LB) pathology is present as a co-pathology in approximately 50% of Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia patients and may even represent the main neuropathologic substrate in a subset of patients with amnestic impairments. However, the degree to which LB pathology affects the neurodegenerative course and clinical phenotype in amnestic patients is not well understood. Recently developed α-synuclein seed amplification assays (αSyn-SAAs) provide a unique opportunity for further investigating the complex interplay between AD and LB pathology in shaping heterogeneous regional neurodegeneration patterns and clinical trajectories among amnestic patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFApplication of artificial intelligence to ultrasound imaging for benign gynecological disorders: systematic review.
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol
January 2025
Dipartimento Scienze della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Objective: Although artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being applied to ultrasound imaging in gynecology, efforts to synthesize the available evidence have been inadequate. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize and evaluate the literature on the role of AI applied to ultrasound imaging in benign gynecological disorders.
Methods: Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus databases were searched from inception until August 2024.
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