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Buruli Ulcer Transmission: Environmental Pathways and Implications for Dermatologic Care.

Cutis

December 2024

Michelle R. Anthony is from the University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson. Christopher Farkouh is from Rush Medical College, Chicago, Illinois. Parsa Abdi is from Memorial University, St. Johns, Newfoundland, Canada. Dr. Khan is from Kyber Teaching Hospital MTI KTH, Peshawar, Pakistan.

Buruli ulcer (BU) is a necrotizing skin and soft tissue disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans that is common in hot and humid climates. Mycobacterium ulcerans is a nontuberculous mycobacterium and ubiquitous acid-fast gram-positive bacillus known to thrive in aquatic environments and water insects. The mode of transmission to humans is poorly understood and varies by geography.

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Background: Antiretroviral treatment increases the risk of accumulation of resistance mutations that negatively impact the possibilities of future treatment. This study aimed to present the frequency of HIV-1 antiretroviral resistance mutations and the genetic diversity among children with virological failure in five pediatric care facilities in Benin.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out from November 20, 2020, to November 30, 2022, in children under 15 years of age who failed ongoing antiretroviral treatment at five facilities care in Benin (VL > 3log10 on two consecutive realizations three months apart).

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Joint gravitational-wave and γ-ray burst (GRB) observations are among the best prospects for standard siren cosmology. However, the strong selection effect for the coincident GRB detection, which is possible only for sources with small inclination angles, induces a systematic uncertainty that is currently not accounted for. We show that this severe source of bias can be removed by inferring the a priori unknown electromagnetic detection probability directly from multimessenger data.

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[Colorectal surgery in multimorbid patients].

Chirurgie (Heidelb)

January 2025

Klinik für Allgemein- und Viszeralchirurgie, SRH Zentralklinikum Suhl, Albert-Schweitzer-Straße 2, 98527, Suhl, Deutschland.

Colorectal surgery in multimorbid patients requires a comprehensive interdisciplinary planning of the treatment approach, from preoperative to posthospital care, in order to minimize complications and improve the patient's outcome. Therefore, the integration of the outpatient and inpatient sectors is essential as is a perioperative interdisciplinary coordinated approach. Preoperatively, all possible risks of concomitant diseases must be considered and optimized if necessary.

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PD-L1/PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) are mainstream agents for cancer immunotherapy, but the prognosis is unsatisfactory in solid tumor patients lacking preexisting T-cell reactivity. Adjunct therapy strategies including the intratumoral administration of immunostimulants aim to address this limitation. CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs), TLR9 agonists that can potentiate adaptive immunity, have been widely investigated to tackle PD-L1/PD-1 resistance, but clinical success has been hindered by inconsistent efficacy and immune-related toxicities caused by systemic exposure.

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