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An ex vivo model of systemically-mediated effects of ozone inhalation on the brain.
Toxicology
January 2025
Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa K1A 0K9, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1H 8M5, Canada. Electronic address:
Air pollution is associated with increased risk of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric conditions. While animal models have increased our understanding of how air pollution contributes to brain pathologies - including through oxidative stress, inflammatory, and stress hormone pathways - investigation of underlying mechanisms remains limited due to a lack of human-relevant models that incorporate systemic processes. Our objective was to establish an ex vivo approach that enables assessment of the roles of plasma mediators in pollutant-induced effects in the brain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEmotional comorbidities in epilepsy result from seizure-induced corticosterone activity.
Neurobiol Stress
November 2024
Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada.
Article Synopsis
- - People with epilepsy often experience psychiatric disorders that negatively impact their quality of life, potentially due to changes in endocannabinoid signaling in the amygdala after seizures.
- - The study found that seizures lead to elevated levels of corticosterone (CORT), which influences cognitive and emotional processes, and this hypersecretion could contribute to emotional dysregulation following seizure activity.
- - Using a CORT synthesis inhibitor or receptor antagonists before seizures was shown to prevent anxiety-like behaviors and memory impairments, suggesting potential treatments for emotional issues in individuals with epilepsy.
Early metabolic and transcriptomic regulation in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) liver by 11-deoxycorticosterone through two corticosteroid receptors pathways.
Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol
December 2024
Universidad Andres Bello, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, 8370146 Santiago, Chile; Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), 4030000 Concepción, Chile. Electronic address:
Cortisol hormone is considered the main corticosteroid in fish stress, acting through glucocorticoid (GR) or mineralocorticoid (MR) receptor. The 11-deoxycorticosterone (DOC) corticosteroid is also secreted during stress and could complement the cortisol effects, but this still not fully understood. Hence, we evaluated the early transcriptomic response of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) liver by DOC through GR or MR.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnderstanding negative feedback: Changes in high-molecular-weight adrenocorticotropic hormone in adrenocorticotropic hormone-independent Cushing's syndrome.
J Neuroendocrinol
November 2024
Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
Cushing's syndrome is characterized by chronic glucocorticoid oversecretion and diverse clinical manifestations. Distinguishing between adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-independent and ACTH-dependent forms is crucial for determining treatment options. Plasma ACTH levels aid in the differential diagnosis, with undetectable or low levels suggesting ACTH-independent hypercortisolemia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCushing Syndrome Due to a Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone- and Adrenocorticotropic Hormone-Secreting Silent Pheochromocytoma.
AACE Clin Case Rep
February 2024
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
Article Synopsis
- Ectopic cosecretion of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from a silent pheochromocytoma is a rare cause of Cushing syndrome, which leads to symptoms like fatigue, muscle weakness, and hypertension in patients.
- A 57-year-old woman's case is described where she developed hypercortisolism, and imaging studies identified a right adrenal mass; surgery confirmed pheochromocytoma that produced ACTH and CRH.
- The case highlights the importance of screening for ectopic ACTH syndrome (EAS) in patients with rapid hypercortisolism and emphasizes the effectiveness of imaging techniques and preoperative treatments in managing the condition.
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