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Synthesis of Arginase Inhibitors: An Overview.
Pharmaceutics
January 2025
Department of Pharmacy, "Federico II" University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy.
Arginase (ARG) is a binuclear manganese-containing metalloenzyme that can convert L-arginine to L-ornithine and urea and plays a key role in the urea cycle. It also mediates different cellular functions and processes such as proliferation, senescence, apoptosis, autophagy, and inflammatory responses in various cell types. In mammals, there are two isoenzymes, ARG-1 and ARG-2; they are functionally similar, but their coding genes, tissue distribution, subcellular localization, and molecular regulation are distinct.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNaoxintong capsule attenuates heart damage after ischemic stroke via Nuclear factor-κB / Pyrin domain-containing protein 3 / Caspase-1 signaling.
J Ethnopharmacol
December 2024
Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100700, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory for Quality Assurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100700, Beijing, China. Electronic address:
Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Ischemic stroke (IS) is a major cause of mortality. Inflammation exerts an essential part of brain-heart communication after IS. Naoxintong capsule (NXT), derived from the classical Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formulation Bu-Yang-Huan-Wu-Tang, are extensively employed in China to manage IS, myocardial infarction (MI), and atherosclerosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFALDH Enzymes and Hematological Diseases: A Scoping Review of Literature.
Discov Med
December 2024
Department of Biological Hematology, Tours University Hospital, 37000 Tours, France.
Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) constitute a group of enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of aldehydes to carboxylic acids. The human ALDH superfamily, including 19 different isoenzymes (ALDH1A1, ALDH1A2, ALDH1A3, AHDH1B1, ALDH1L1, ALDH1L2, ALDH2, ALDH3A1, ALDH3A2, ALDH3B1, ALDH3B2, ALDH4A1, ALDH5A1, ALDH6A1, ALDH7A1, ALDH8A1, ALDH9A1, ALDHA16A1, ALDH18A1), displays different key physiological and toxicological functions, with specific tissue expression and substrate specificity. Several studies have established that ALDH are interesting markers for the identification and quantification of human hematopoietic stem cells and cancer stem cells, notably leukemic stem cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCardioprotective Efficacy of Quercetin against Cardiotoxicity Induced by Different Diameters of Sphere Gold Nanoparticles (GNPs).
Curr Pharm Biotechnol
December 2024
Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519 Zagazig, Egypt.
Article Synopsis
- Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have promising properties for biomedicine but can be toxic to cardiac tissues, with the 10 nm size being the most harmful compared to larger sizes (20 and 50 nm).
- Quercetin (Qur), a natural flavonoid, has demonstrated protective effects against the toxicity induced by 10 nm GNPs in heart tissues.
- The study highlights that smaller GNPs can cause significant cardiac injury and apoptosis, while Qur treatment can mitigate these adverse effects.
Hydrogen sulfide attenuates disturbed flow-induced vascular remodeling by inhibiting LDHB-mediated autophagic flux.
Redox Biol
February 2025
Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China. Electronic address:
Disturbed flow (DF) plays a critical role in the development and progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Hydrogen sulfide (HS) is involved in physiological processes within the cardiovascular system. However, its specific contribution to DF-induced vascular remodeling remains unclear.
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