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Granulosa cell function in domestic animals: A review on the in vitro effects of FSH, insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1.
Domest Anim Endocrinol
January 2025
Department of Agriculture, Veterinary & Rangeland Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557 USA.
Ovarian granulosa cells produce a variety of biologically active compounds in addition to steroid hormones that include numerous families of growth factors, cytokines and adipokines. Many of these function as endocrine, paracrine and autocrine hormones to regulate ovarian activity. The goal of this review is to provide an update on the evidence in domestic animals on how FSH, insulin and IGF1 regulate the function of granulosa cells with a focus on ovarian steroidogenesis and cell proliferation with comparisons across six domestic animals: pigs, cattle, horses, water buffalo, goats and sheep.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBlended-red lighting partially mitigates the cost of light pollution for arthropods.
Oecologia
January 2025
Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID, 83725, USA.
Light pollution disrupts the natural dark-light rhythmicity of the world and alters the spectral composition of the nocturnal sky, with far-reaching impacts on natural systems. While the costs of light pollution are now documented across scales and taxa, community-level mitigations for arthropods remain unclear. To test two light pollution mitigation strategies, we replaced all 32 streetlights in the largest visitor center in Grand Teton National Park (Wyoming, USA) to allow wireless control over each luminaries' color and brightness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrought as an emergent driver of ecological transformation in the twenty-first century.
Bioscience
August 2024
Earth and Environmental Science Department at Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, United States.
Under climate change, ecosystems are experiencing novel drought regimes, often in combination with stressors that reduce resilience and amplify drought's impacts. Consequently, drought appears increasingly likely to push systems beyond important physiological and ecological thresholds, resulting in substantial changes in ecosystem characteristics persisting long after drought ends (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMethylmercury in subarctic amphibians: environmental gradients, bioaccumulation, and estimated flux.
Environ Toxicol Chem
January 2025
New Jersey Water Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Lawrenceville, NJ, United States.
Rapid warming in polar regions is causing large changes to ecosystems, including altering environmentally available mercury (Hg). Although subarctic freshwater systems have simple vertebrate communities, Hg in amphibians remains unexplored. We measured total Hg (THg) in wetland sediments and methylmercury (MeHg) in multiple life-stages (eggs to adults) of wood frogs (Rana sylvatica) and larval boreal chorus frogs (Pseudacris maculata) from up to 25 wetlands near Churchill, Manitoba (Canada), during the summers of 2018-2019.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnhancement of the production of terpenoid and flavonoid secondary metabolites in the ground and aerial parts of licorice composite plant in a hydroponic system.
J Biotechnol
January 2025
Biotechnology Research Department, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), National Botanical Garden, Tehran Karaj Freeway, P.O. Box 13185-116, Tehran, Iran.
Hairy roots mediated by Agrobacterium rhizogenes can be obtained from the composite plants (plants with hairy roots and untransformed aerial parts) by ex vitro method. Composite plants can produce higher amounts of secondary metabolites by merging hydroponic systems. This provides a stable condition for composite plants, in which various metabolites are produced in different parts.
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