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Long-Term Outcome of Chronic Hepatitis B-Histological Score and Viral Genotype Are Important Predictors of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
J Viral Hepat
March 2025
Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Current guidelines to prevent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are based on risk assessments that include age, sex, and virological and biochemical parameters. The study aim was to investigate the impact of predictive markers on long-term outcomes. The clinical outcomes of 100 patients with chronic hepatitis B were investigated 30 years after a baseline assessment that included liver biopsy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHBV and HBsAg strongly reshape the phenotype, function, and metabolism of DCs according to patients' clinical stage.
Hepatol Commun
February 2025
University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France.
Background: Hepatitis B is a liver infection caused by HBV. Infected individuals who fail to control the viral infection develop chronic hepatitis B and are at risk of developing life-threatening liver diseases, such as cirrhosis or liver cancer. Dendritic cells (DCs) play important roles in the immune response against HBV but are functionally impaired in patients with chronic hepatitis B.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTranscriptional signature of CD56 NK cells predicts favourable prognosis in bladder cancer.
Front Immunol
January 2025
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Human natural killer (NK) cells can be sub-divided into two functional subsets but the clinical significance of these CD56 and CD56 NK cells in anti-tumour immunity remains largely unexplored. We determined the relative abundances of gene signatures for CD56 and CD56 NK cells along with 3 stromal and 18 other immune cell types in the patient tumour transcriptomes from the cancer genome atlas bladder cancer dataset (TCGA-BLCA). Using this computational approach, CD56 NK cells were predicted to be the more abundant tumour-infiltrating NK subset which was also associated with improved patient prognosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of Bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccination on immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 vaccination.
Clin Transl Immunology
January 2025
Infectious Diseases Group, Infection, Immunity and Global Health Theme Murdoch Children's Research Institute Parkville VIC Australia.
Objectives: Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination has off-target effects on disease risk for unrelated infections and immune responses to vaccines. This study aimed to determine the immunomodulatory effects of BCG vaccination on immune responses to vaccines against SARS-CoV-2.
Methods: Blood samples, from a subset of 275 SARS-CoV-2-naïve healthcare workers randomised to BCG vaccination (BCG group) or no BCG vaccination (Control group) in the BRACE trial, were collected before and 28 days after the primary course (two doses) of ChAdOx1-S (Oxford-AstraZeneca) or BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) vaccination.
International myeloma working group immunotherapy committee recommendation on sequencing immunotherapy for treatment of multiple myeloma.
Leukemia
January 2025
UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.
T-cell redirecting therapy (TCRT), specifically chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (CAR T-cells) and bispecific T-cell engagers (TCEs) represent a remarkable advance in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM). There are several products available around the world and several more in development targeting primarily B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) and G protein-coupled receptor class C group 5 member D (GRPC5D). The relatively rapid availability of multiple immunotherapies brings the necessity to understand how a certain agent may affect the safety and efficacy of a subsequent immunotherapy so MM physicians and patients can aim at optimal sequential use of these therapies.
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