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Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most common diseases affecting millions of people worldwide. The use of existing antidepressants in many cases does not allow achieving stable remission, probably due to insufficient understanding of pathological mechanisms. This indicates the need for the development of more effective drugs based on in-depth understanding of MDD's pathophysiology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCellular mechanisms underlying pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide-stimulated secretion in the adrenal medulla.
Biochem Soc Trans
December 2024
Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, U.S.A.
The adrenal medulla is a key effector of the sympathetic nervous system in the periphery. Its primary function is to translate variations in sympathetic activity into hormone outputs that modify end organ function throughout the body. These hormones include epinephrine, norepinephrine, and a variety of vasoactive peptides.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEndothelium-derived 6-nitrodopamine is the major mechanism by which nitric oxide relaxes the rabbit isolated aorta.
Front Pharmacol
November 2024
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
6-Nitrodopamine (6-ND) is the predominant catecholamine released from isolated vascular tissues in both mammals and reptiles, with its release being significantly reduced by the NO synthesis inhibitor, N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). The vasorelaxation induced by 6-ND is unaffected by either L-NAME or the soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) inhibitor, ODQ, indicating an alternative mechanism of action. The vasorelaxant effect appears to be mediated through selective antagonism of dopamine D receptors rather than traditional nitric oxide (NO)-mediated pathways.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFL-Arginine and Intermittent Hypoxia Are Stress-Limiting Factors in Male Wistar Rat Models.
Int J Mol Sci
November 2024
Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Arciszewski St. 22b, PL 76-200 Słupsk, Poland.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the combined effects of L-arginine, intermittent hypoxia training (IHT), and acute stress on oxygen-dependent processes in rats, including mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, microsomal oxidation, and the intensity of lipoperoxidation processes. In addition, our study investigated how the modulatory effect of the NO synthase mechanism on the concentration of catecholamines (CA), such as adrenaline and noradrenaline, and their biosynthetic precursors (DOPA, dopamine) varies depending on the cholinergic (acetylcholine, Ach-acetylcholinesterase, AChE) status in rats. This study investigated the protective stress-limiting effects of L-arginine impact and IHT in the blood and liver of rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAbnormal percent amplitude of fluctuation in patients with lifelong premature ejaculation is associated with neurotransmitter profiles.
Brain Imaging Behav
October 2024
Department of Urology, Xi'an Daxing Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Yan'an University, Xi'an, 710071, Shaanxi, China.
Article Synopsis
- Identifying new imaging biomarkers for lifelong premature ejaculation (LPE) could help us understand the brain processes behind this condition.
- In a study involving 46 LPE patients and 35 healthy controls, researchers used a technique called Percent Amplitude of Fluctuation (PerAF) to compare brain function during rest, finding notable differences between the two groups.
- Results showed increased PerAF in areas linked to emotional and sensory processing in LPE patients, along with correlations between PerAF changes and neurotransmitter systems, suggesting that ejaculatory control issues may stem from neurotransmitter dysregulation.
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