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Efficient simulations of Hartree-Fock equations by an accelerated gradient descent method.
Phys Rev E
November 2024
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, USA.
We develop convergence acceleration procedures that enable a gradient descent-type iteration method to efficiently simulate Hartree-Fock equations for many particles interacting both with each other and with an external potential. Our development focuses on three aspects: (i) optimization of a parameter in the preconditioning operator; (ii) adoption of a technique that eliminates the slowest-decaying mode to the case of many equations (describing many particles); and (iii) a novel extension of the above technique that allows one to eliminate multiple modes simultaneously. We illustrate performance of the numerical method for the two-dimensional model of the first layer of helium atoms above a graphene sheet.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlasma-Assisted Preparation of Reduced Graphene Oxide and Its Applications in Energy Storage.
Nanomaterials (Basel)
November 2024
College of Electrical Engineering and Control Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) exhibits mechanical, optoelectronic, and conductive properties comparable to pristine graphene, which has led to its widespread use as a method for producing graphene-like materials in bulk. This paper reviews the characteristics of graphene oxide and the evolution of traditional reduction methods, including chemical and thermal techniques. A comparative analysis reveals that these traditional methods encounter challenges, such as toxicity and high energy consumption, while plasma reduction offers advantages like enhanced controllability, the elimination of additional reducing agents, and reduced costs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFScarless Enhanced Body Contouring.
Aesthetic Plast Surg
October 2024
Plastic Surgery Department, Tanta Faculty of Medicine, Tanta, Egypt.
Background: A helium-based plasma device with minimal invasiveness selectively heats tissues via joule heating, ensuring safe external temperatures and eliminating the need to monitor the epidermal temperature.
Methods: From December 2022 to January 2024, Forty-six patients without prior bariatric surgery, who had localized lipodystrophy and mild-to-moderate skin laxity in various body areas, were enrolled in this prospective work. Liposuction was paired with a helium-based plasma radiofrequency device used for all patients.
Polymeric ionic liquids containing copper(I) and copper(II) ions as gas chromatographic stationary phases for olefin separations.
J Chromatogr A
October 2024
Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA; Ames National Laboratory-U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, IA, 50011, USA. Electronic address:
Copper(I) ions (Cu) are used in olefin separations due to their olefin complexing ability and low cost, but their instability in the presence of water and gases limits their widespread use. Ionic liquids (ILs) have emerged as stabilizers of Cu ions and prevent their degradation, providing high olefin separation efficiency. There is limited understanding into the role that polymeric ionic liquids (PILs), which possess similar structural characteristics to ILs, have on Cu ion-olefin interactions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA strategy to fabricate nanostructures with sub-nanometer line edge roughness.
Nanotechnology
September 2024
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China.
Line edge roughness (LER) has been an important issue in the nanofabrication research, especially in integrated circuits. Despite numerous research studies has made efforts on achieving smaller LER value, a strategy to achieve sub-nanometer level LER still remains challenging due to inability to deposit energy with a profile of sub-nanometer LER. In this work, we introduce a strategy to fabricate structures with sub-nanometer LER, specifically, we use scanning helium ion beam to expose hydrogen silsesquioxane (HSQ) resist on thin SiNx membrane (∼20 nm) and present the 0.
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