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Population Pharmacokinetics of Esketamine Nasal Spray and its Metabolite Noresketamine in Healthy Subjects and Patients with Treatment-Resistant Depression.
Clin Pharmacokinet
April 2021
Janssen Research and Development, Antwerp, Belgium.
Background: Esketamine nasal spray is approved for treatment-resistant depression.
Objective: The objective of this study was to characterize the pharmacokinetics of esketamine and noresketamine in healthy subjects and patients with treatment-resistant depression.
Methods: Esketamine and noresketamine were measured in > 9000 plasma samples collected from 820 individuals who received esketamine by the intranasal, intravenous, and oral routes.
Mechanisms Underlying Type 2 Diabetes Remission After Metabolic Surgery.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)
September 2019
Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
Type 2 diabetes prevalence is increasing dramatically worldwide. Metabolic surgery is the most effective treatment for selected patients with diabetes and/or obesity. When compared to intensive medical therapy and lifestyle intervention, metabolic surgery has shown superiority in achieving glycemic improvement, reducing number of medications and cardiovascular risk factors, which translates in long-term benefits on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of portal glucose sensing on incretin hormone secretion in a canine model.
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab
August 2019
Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.
It is unknown whether activation of hepato-portal vein (PV) glucose sensors plays a role in incretin hormone amplification of oral glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). In previous studies, PV glucose infusion increased GSIS through unknown mechanisms, perhaps neural stimulation of pancreatic β-cells and/or stimulation of gut incretin hormone release. Thus, there could be a difference in the incretin effect when comparing GSIS with portal rather than leg vein (LV) glucose infusion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPeripheral activation of the Y2-receptor promotes secretion of GLP-1 and improves glucose tolerance.
Mol Metab
September 2013
Centre for Obesity Research, Department of Medicine, University College London, Rayne Institute, 5 University Street, WC1E 6JJ, London, UK.
The effect of peptide tyrosine-tyrosine (PYY) on feeding is well established but currently its role in glucose homeostasis is poorly defined. Here we show in mice, that intraperitoneal (ip) injection of PYY3-36 or Y2R agonist improves nutrient-stimulated glucose tolerance and enhances insulin secretion; an effect blocked by peripheral, but not central, Y2R antagonist administration. Studies on isolated mouse islets revealed no direct effect of PYY3-36 on insulin secretion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIdiopathic portal hypertension complicating systemic sclerosis: a case report.
BMC Gastroenterol
May 2005
Department of Gastroenterology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Sheriff Hill, Gateshead NE6 9SX, UK.
Background: Patients with systemic sclerosis may develop mild abnormalities of liver function tests. More serious hepatic involvement has been well documented but is rare. Idiopathic portal hypertension had been reported only in a few female patients with systemic sclerosis.
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