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Urinary mycoestrogens and gestational weight gain in the UPSIDE pregnancy cohort.

Environ Health

November 2024

Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, 170 Frelinghuysen Road Piscataway, 08854, Piscataway, NJ, USA.

Article Synopsis
  • Zearalenone (ZEN), a mycotoxin from Fusarium fungi found in many food supplies, can bind to estrogen receptors and is linked to reproductive issues, yet research on its effects during pregnancy is limited.
  • A study measured ZEN levels in urine samples from 286 pregnant women and analyzed their weight gain to determine the impact of mycoestrogens.
  • The findings indicated that higher concentrations of ZEN were associated with increased gestational weight gain, particularly in those carrying male fetuses, suggesting that mycoestrogen exposure could influence pregnancy weight dynamics.
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Background: Zearalenone (ZEN) is a mycotoxin contaminating grains and processed foods. ZEN alters nuclear estrogen receptor α/β signaling earning its designation as a mycoestrogen. Experimental evidence demonstrates that mycoestrogen exposure during pregnancy is associated with altered maternal sex steroid hormones, changes in placental size, and decreases in fetal weight and length.

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Associations between mycoestrogen exposure and sex steroid hormone concentrations in maternal serum and cord blood in the UPSIDE pregnancy cohort.

Int J Hyg Environ Health

July 2024

Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA.

Zearalenone (ZEN) is a fungal-derived toxin found in global food supplies including cereal grains and processed foods, impacting populations worldwide through diet. Because the chemical structure of ZEN and metabolites closely resembles 17β-estradiol (E2), they interact with estrogen receptors α/β earning their designation as 'mycoestrogens'. In animal models, gestational exposure to mycoestrogens disrupts estrogen activity and impairs fetal growth.

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Zearalenone (ZEN), an estrogenic mycotoxin, is one of the most common food and feed contaminants. Also, its metabolites α-zearalenol (α-ZEL) and β-zearalenol (β-ZEL) are considered to induce oxidative stress, however its effect in prostate cells is not known yet. Our previous observations showed that forehead box transcription factor 3a (FOXO3a) expression is modified in hormone- sensitive cells in the response to mycotoxins, similar to the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/ protein kinase B (Akt) pathway.

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Biotransformation of zearalenone to non-estrogenic compounds with two novel recombinant lactonases from Gliocladium.

BMC Microbiol

March 2024

Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Hormone and Reproduction, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproductive Regulation, Fuyang Normal University, Anhui, Fuyang, 236037, China.

Background: The mycotoxin zearalenone (ZEA) produced by toxigenic fungi is widely present in cereals and its downstream products. The danger of ZEA linked to various human health issues has attracted increasing attention. Thus, powerful ZEA-degrading or detoxifying strategies are urgently needed.

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