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AM fungus plant colonization rather than an Epichloë endophyte attracts fall armyworm feeding.
Mycorrhiza
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China.
Most cold-season grasses can be colonized by belowground arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and foliar grass endophytes (Epichloë) simultaneously while also be attacked by insect herbivores. The colonization of AM fungi or the presence of grass endophytes is associated with increased resistance by the host plant. However, studies on how these two symbionts affect host plants and mitigate insect pest attack are currently lacking.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: The complement cascade is a front-line defense against pathogens. Complement activation generates the membrane attack complex (MAC), a 10-11 nm diameter pore formed by complement proteins C5b through C8 and polymerized C9. The MAC embeds within the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and displays bactericidal activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFModeling BK Virus Infection in Renal Transplant Recipients.
Viruses
December 2024
Duke Center for Human Systems Immunology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27701, USA.
Kidney transplant recipients require a lifelong protocol of immunosuppressive therapy to prevent graft rejection. However, these same medications leave them susceptible to opportunistic infections. One pathogen of particular concern is human polyomavirus 1, also known as BK virus (BKPyV).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRe-Examination Characterization and Screening of Stripe Rust Resistance Gene of Wheat Gene Family Based on the Transcriptome in Xinchun 32.
Int J Mol Sci
January 2025
Key Laboratory of the Pest Monitoring and Safety Control of Crops and Forests of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
Pathogenesis-related protein-1 (PR1) encodes a water-soluble protein produced in plants after pathogen infection or abiotic stimulation. It plays a crucial role in plant-induced resistance by attacking pathogens, degrading cell wall macromolecules and pathogen toxins, and inhibiting the binding of viral coat proteins to plant receptor molecules. Compared to model plants, the mechanism of action of PR1 in wheat remains underexplored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn exploration of the natural and acquired immunological mechanisms to high-risk human papillomavirus infection and unmasking immune escape in cervical cancer: A concise synopsis.
Tzu Chi Med J
December 2024
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of Babylon, Hilla, Iraq.
The most common STD that triggers cervical cancer is the human papillomavirus. More than 20 types of human papillomavirus (HPV) can induce uterine cervical cancer. Almost all women acquire genital HPV infection soon after their first intercourse, with most of them clearing the virus within 3 years.
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