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Prolonged pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission, challenges in diagnosis and treatment in a child with hyper IgM syndrome in a tertiary hospital in Tanzania: a case report.
Pan Afr Med J
January 2025
Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Hyper immunoglobulin M (IgM) syndromes are a collection of uncommon primary combined immunodeficiency disorders. They are characterized by recurrent bacterial infections due to low levels of IgG, IgA, and IgE, while IgM levels remain normal or high. These conditions stem from a mutation in the CD40 ligand gene or disruptions in the CD40-signaling pathway.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOne health investigation following a cluster of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever, North Macedonia, July to November 2023.
Euro Surveill
January 2025
Institute of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
BackgroundCrimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a severe illness characterised by fever, bleeding and high case-fatality rates. The disease is caused by CCHF virus (CCHFV), transmitted by ticks and infectious body fluids and tissues.AimAfter CCHF was diagnosed in three persons in 2023, we aimed to investigate the presence of antibodies against CCHFV in healthcare workers (HCW), sheep and goats, and of CCHFV in ticks, in an area in North Macedonia and characterise virus strains.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRhesus Cytomegalovirus-encoded Fcγ-binding glycoproteins facilitate viral evasion from IgG-mediated humoral immunity.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Institute of Virology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) encodes four viral Fc-gamma receptors (vFcγRs) that counteract antibody-mediated activation in vitro, but their role in infection and pathogenesis is unknown. To examine their in vivo function in an animal model evolutionarily closely related to humans, we identified and characterized Rh05, Rh152/151 and Rh173 as the complete set of vFcγRs encoded by rhesus CMV (RhCMV). Each one of these proteins displays functional similarities to their prospective HCMV orthologs with respect to antagonizing host FcγR activation in vitro.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnti-platelet factor 4 antibody-mediated disorders: an updated narrative review.
Semin Thromb Hemost
January 2025
of Medicine, Universita degli Studi di Padova Scuola di Medicina e Chirurgia, Padova, Italy.
Anti-platelet factor 4 (PF4) antibody-mediated disorders are a heterogenous group of diseases characterized by the presence of highly pathogenic immunoglobulins G directed against PF4 and/or PF4/heparin complexes. These antibodies are able to activate platelets, neutrophils and monocytes, thus resulting in thrombocytopenia and a hypercoagulable state. Five different forms of anti-PF4 antibody-mediated disorders have been identified: i) classic heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (cHIT) mediated by heparin and certain polyanionic drugs; ii) autoimmune HIT (aHIT) characterized by the presence of anti-PFA/polyanion antibodies that can strongly activate platelets even in the absence of heparin; iii) spontaneous HIT (spHIT) characterized by thrombocytopenia and thrombosis without proximate exposure to heparin, with two subtypes: (a) post-total knee arthroplasty, and cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and (b) post-infections; iv) vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) characterized by thrombocytopenia, arterial and venous thrombosis, or secondary hemorrhage after receiving adenoviral vector vaccines for COVID-19; v) VITT-like disorders triggered by adenoviral infections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFunctional characterization of novel anti-DEFA5 monoclonal antibody clones 1A8 and 4F5 in inflammatory bowel disease colitis tissues.
Inflamm Res
January 2025
Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience, and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, 1005 D.B. Todd Jr. Blvd, Nashville, TN, USA.
Background: The aberrant expression of α defensin 5 (DEFA5) protein in colonic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) underlies the distinct pathogenesis of Crohn's colitis (CC). It can serve as a biomarker for differentiating CC from Ulcerative colitis (UC), particularly in Indeterminate colitis (IC) cases into UC and CC. We evaluated the specificity of commercially available anti-DEFA5 antibodies, emphasizing the need to further validate their appropriateness for a given application and highlighting the necessity for novel antibodies.
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