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Deficiency of Human Adenosine Deaminase Type 2 - A Diagnostic Conundrum for the Hematologist.
Front Immunol
May 2022
Pediatric Allergy Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.
Deficiency of adenosine deaminase type 2 (DADA2) was first described in 2014 as a monogenic cause of polyartertitis nodosa (PAN), early onset lacunar stroke and livedo reticularis. The clinical phenotype of DADA2 is, however, very broad and may involve several organ systems. Apart from vasculitis, children may present with i) Hematological manifestations (ii) Lymphoproliferation and iii) Immunodeficiencies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssessment of the combined effects of chromium and benzene on the rat neuroendocrine and immune systems.
Environ Res
May 2022
Laboratory of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003, Heraklion, Greece; IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.
Article Synopsis
- * Exposure to the mixture led to impaired functioning of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, resulting in decreased secretion of key nonapeptides.
- * Changes in lymphoid organs included reduced thymus size and cell count, structural damage, and increased apoptosis in lymphocytes, with results indicating non-additive effects compared to exposure to either chemical alone.
Long-term effects of chromium on morphological and immunological parameters of Wistar rats.
Food Chem Toxicol
November 2019
Centre of Toxicology Science and Research, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Crete, Greece; Department of Analytical, Toxicology, Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Sechenov University, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
Hexavalent chromium raises high concern because of its wide industrial applications and reported toxicity. Long-term (135 days) oral exposure of Wistar rats to chromium in the form of KCrO (exposed group~20 mg/kg/day) led to a decrease in thymus mass and thymocytes' number and caused structural and functional changes in the lymph nodes and spleen, namely lymphoreticular hyperplasia and plasmocytic macrophage transformation. Programmed cell death was increased in both thymocytes and splenocytes and decreased in lymphocytes in the T-zones of spleen and lymph nodes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDoes quantification of USPIO uptake-related signal loss allow differentiation of benign and malignant normal-sized pelvic lymph nodes?
Contrast Media Mol Imaging
December 2012
Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital and Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) particles are promising contrast media, especially for molecular and cellular imaging besides lymph node staging owing to their superior NMR efficacy, macrophage uptake and lymphotropic properties. The goal of the present prospective clinical work was to validate quantification of signal decrease on high-resolution T(2)-weighted MR sequences before and 24-36 h after USPIO administration for accurate differentiation between benign and malignant normal-sized pelvic lymph nodes. Fifty-eight patients with bladder or prostate cancer were examined on a 3 T MR unit and their respective lymph node signal intensities (SI), signal-to-noise (SNR) and contrast-to-noise (CNR) were determined on pre- and post-contrast 3D T(2)-weighted turbo spin echo (TSE) images.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCystic lymphoid hyperplasia of the parotid gland in HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients: quantitative immunopathology.
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod
April 2010
Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University Medical Center, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Background: Benign lymphoepithelial lesions of the parotid include a spectrum of disorders ranging from lymphoepithelial sialadenitis (LESA) of Sjögren syndrome to lymphoepithelial cysts (LEC) and both human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related and -unrelated cystic lymphoid hyperplasia (CLH). They share a common microscopic appearance characterized by epimyoepithelial islands and/or epithelial lined cysts in a lymphoid stroma. However, they differ greatly regarding their etiology, clinical presentation, and management.
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