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Avian influenza in birds: Insights from a comprehensive review.
Vet World
November 2024
Master Program of Veterinary Agribusiness, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia.
One of the worst zoonotic illnesses, avian influenza (AI), or commonly referred to as bird flu, is caused by viruses belonging to the genus Influenza viruses, which are members of the Orthomyxoviridae family. The harmful effects of AI illness can affect both human and animal health and cause financial losses. Globally, the AI virus lacks political purpose and is not limited by geographical limits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSeroprevalence of bovine leukemia virus in cattle and buffaloes in the border provinces of the Eastern Anatolia region, Türkiye: insights into the eradication of infection.
Vet Res Forum
November 2024
Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Türkiye.
Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is the causative agent of enzootic bovine leukosis, an oncogenic deltaretrovirus that has emerged as a potential zoonotic infection. The BLV naturally infects cattle and causes economic losses through a slow persistent infection with various clinical symtoms following preleukosis. The main objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of BLV antibodies in cattle and buffaloes in the border provinces of the Eastern Anatolia region, Türkiye, using the agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComparison of radial immunodiffusion, turbidimetric immunoassay, and Brix refractometry for determining bovine colostrum quality.
JDS Commun
November 2024
Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853.
Determining the concentration of IgG in colostrum is critical for assessment of colostrum quality. On-farm use of a Brix refractometer to estimate colostrum IgG concentration is widespread, whereas radial immunodiffusion (RID) is the laboratory reference method. Turbidimetric immunoassay (TIA) might offer an alternative method to quantify IgG in colostrum, but the agreement with RID, as well as critical thresholds to determine high-quality colostrum, remain uncertain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCollaborative study on the cross-reactivity of two influenza B viral components in single radial immunodiffusion assay using quadrivalent influenza vaccines in Japan from 2015/16 to 2021-22 influenza season.
Biologicals
November 2024
Department of Virology III, Gakuen 4-7-1, Musashi-Murayama, Tokyo, 208-0011, Japan; Center for Quality Management Systems, Gakuen 4-7-1, Musashi-Murayama, Tokyo, 208-0011, Japan; Research Center for Influenza and Respiratory Viruses, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Gakuen 4-7-1, Musashi-Murayama, Tokyo, 208-0011, Japan. Electronic address:
A quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV) has been available in Japan since the 2015/2016 influenza season. Single radial immunodiffusion (SRID) assays are currently used worldwide to measure the hemagglutinin (HA) content of influenza vaccine components because they are simple, accurate, and the regulatory requirement, ensuring consistency in manufacture for the HA content. However, the cross-reactivity of antisera against the two lineages of the influenza B virus (IFVB) may cause inaccurate quantification of HA content in QIVs using the SRID assay.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenetic and environmental determinants of immunoglobulin G in kid serum and adult colostrum of dairy goats.
J Dairy Sci
January 2025
GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31326, Castanet Tolosan, France. Electronic address:
Immune competence is a key factor in the health and resilience of dairy ruminants. The aim of this study was to study IgG concentration in serum shortly after birth and in colostrum of lactating animals as proxy of passive immune transfer and colostrum quality, respectively, and thus provide new health and resilience indicators for selection. Data from 424 female kids and 203 primiparous goats, reared on an INRAE experimental farm, were analyzed.
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