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Advances in Reversal Strategies of Opioid-induced Respiratory Toxicity.
Anesthesiology
April 2022
From the Department of Anesthesiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; the Outcomes Research Consortium, Cleveland, Ohio.
Opioids may produce life-threatening respiratory depression and death from their actions at the opioid receptors within the brainstem respiratory neuronal network. Since there is an increasing number of conditions where the administration of the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone is inadequate or undesired, there is an increased interest in the development of novel reversal and prevention strategies aimed at providing efficacy close to that of the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone but with fewer of its drawbacks such as its short duration of action and lesser ability to reverse high-affinity opioids, such as carfentanil, or drug combinations. To give an overview of this highly relevant topic, the authors systematically discuss predominantly experimental pharmacotherapies, published in the last 5 yr, aimed at reversal of opioid-induced respiratory depression as alternatives to naloxone.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDepletion of Alpha-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone Induces Insatiable Appetite and Gains in Energy Reserves and Body Weight in Zebrafish.
Biomedicines
August 2021
Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
The functions of anorexigenic neurons secreting proopiomelanocortin (POMC)/alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) of the melanocortin system in the hypothalamus in vertebrates are energy homeostasis, food intake, and body weight regulation. However, the mechanisms remain elusive. This article reports on zebrafish that have been genetically engineered to produce α-MSH mutants, α-MSH and α-MSH, selectively lacking 7 and 8 amino acids within the α-MSH region, but retaining most of the other normal melanocortin-signaling (Pomc-derived) peptides.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAmeliorating effect of rovatirelin on the ataxia in rolling mouse Nagoya.
Eur J Pharmacol
September 2020
Central Research Laboratories, Kissei Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd., 4365-1, Hotaka Kashiwabara, Azumino Nagano, 399-8304, Japan. Electronic address:
Rovatirelin is a newly synthetized thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) analog. This study aimed to investigate the effect of rovatirelin on motor function using rolling mouse Nagoya (RMN), a mouse model of hereditary ataxia, and compare it with that of taltirelin, which is clinically used to treat spinocerebellar degeneration in Japan. We also examined the effect of rovatirelin on glucose metabolism in various brain regions of RMN using autoradiography (ARG).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGH3 and RC-4BC cell lines are not suitable as in vitro models to study prolactin modulation and AHR responsiveness in rat pituitary.
Mol Cell Endocrinol
October 2019
Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 104, 3584 CM, the Netherlands; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Some environmental contaminants and pharmaceuticals increase the incidence of uterine tumors in toxicological studies with rats. These tumors can result from a hormonal imbalance due to rat-specific disrupted pituitary prolactin regulation, and are therefore of questionable relevance for humans. In this study we compared in vitro prolactin regulation in rat primary pituitary cells to that in pituitary cell lines, GH3 and RC-4BC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTarget-controlled liposome amplification for versatile nanopore analysis.
Chem Commun (Camb)
April 2019
Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecular Chemistry, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, P. R. China.
We have reported a versatile nanopore method based on the combination of analyte-controlled liposome signal amplification and the nanopore detection of a reporter molecule, which largely extends the nanopore application range, and easily elevates the nanopore sensitivity to the fM level from the μM level.
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