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Artificial intelligence as a proficient tool in detecting pulmonary tuberculosis in massive population screening programs: a case study in Chennai, India.
J Rural Med
January 2025
DeepTek Medical Imaging Pvt. Ltd., India.
Objective: To evaluate the performance of Genki, a computer-aided detection (CADe) software, in detecting tuberculosis (TB) using chest radiography in a mobile TB screening program in Chennai, India.
Materials And Methods: Genki, an AI-based CADe software, was employed in four mobile diagnostic units in remote areas of Chennai, India for screening TB. Patients from remote areas of Chennai who visited the vans and registered in the screening program underwent chest radiography, and the acquired X-ray scans were analyzed using Genki, which provided an assessment of each scan as either "TB suggestive" or "TB not suggestive".
Prevalence of Microbiologically Confirmed Female Genital Tuberculosis in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Faridabad, Haryana, India.
Cureus
December 2024
Department of Microbiology, ESIC Medical College and Hospital, Faridabad, IND.
Aim: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of microbiologically confirmed female genital tuberculosis (FGTB) infection in patients attending a tertiary care hospital in North India.
Materials And Methods: A total of 623 endometrial biopsy samples were processed in the mycobacteriology laboratory from the outpatient and inpatient gynecology departments between May 2022 and February 2024. Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) smear was performed on all samples.
GeneXpert MTB/RIF Ultra in Pediatric Tuberculosis: How Disease Characteristics Modify Test Performances.
Curr Pediatr Rev
January 2025
Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Introduction: The diagnosis of pediatric tuberculosis (TB) is challenging, due to the lower sensitivity of microbiological tests, such as culture and microscopy, compared to their performance in adult cases. Guidelines have introduced molecular tests, including GeneXpert MTB/ RIF and GeneXpert MTB/RIF Ultra. These tests use a real-time polymerase chain reaction method and provide information on M.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA new quantitative reverse transcription PCR assay to improve the routine diagnosis of paracoccidioidomycosis.
Med Mycol
January 2025
Mycology Department, National Reference Center for Invasive Mycoses and Antifungals, Translational Mycology Research Group, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
Paracoccidioides are dimorphic fungal pathogens and the etiological agents of paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM). This severe systemic mycosis is restricted to Latin America, where it has been historically endemic. Currently, PCM presents the fewest diagnostic tools available when compared to other endemic mycoses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDeep Learning for Discrimination of Early Spinal Tuberculosis from Acute Osteoporotic Vertebral Fracture on CT.
Infect Drug Resist
January 2025
Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
Background: Early differentiation between spinal tuberculosis (STB) and acute osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) is crucial for determining the appropriate clinical management and treatment pathway, thereby significantly impacting patient outcomes.
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of deep learning (DL) models using reconstructed sagittal CT images in the differentiation of early STB from acute OVCF, with the aim of enhancing diagnostic precision, reducing reliance on MRI and biopsies, and minimizing the risks of misdiagnosis.
Methods: Data were collected from 373 patients, with 302 patients recruited from a university-affiliated hospital serving as the training and internal validation sets, and an additional 71 patients from another university-affiliated hospital serving as the external validation set.
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