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Placental and Fetal Microbiota in Rhesus Macaque: A Case Study Using Metagenomic Sequencing.
Am J Primatol
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Recent evidence challenging the notion of a sterile intrauterine environment has sparked research into the origins and effects of fetal microbiota on immunity development during gestation. Rhesus macaques (RMs) serve as valuable nonhuman primate models due to their similarities to humans in development, placental structure, and immune response. In this study, metagenomic analysis was applied to the placenta, umbilical cord, spleen, gastrointestinal tissues of an unborn RM fetus, and the maternal intestine, revealing the diversity and functionality of microbes in these tissues.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHaemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) is a rare condition that causes a baby to develop anaemia while growing inside the woman; or after birth. Left untreated, this may lead to stillbirth or neonatal death. HDFN is caused when the pregnant woman's antibodies cross the placenta, enter the baby's circulation, and attach to proteins called antigens (inherited from the father) on the baby's haemoglobin containing red blood cells, and cause them to break apart, causing fetal anaemia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZika virus tropism and pathogenesis: understanding clinical impacts and transmission dynamics.
Virol J
October 2024
Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
Article Synopsis
- The Zika virus (ZIKV), an arbovirus from the Flavivirus genus, was first discovered in a monkey in Uganda in 1947 and has seen increasing prevalence, especially during a significant outbreak in the US in 2015 that caused severe health issues.
- Symptoms include organ failure, microcephaly, and Guillain-Barré syndrome, with the virus primarily transmitted through Aedes mosquitoes, but can also spread via blood, sexual contact, and from mothers to their babies.
- There's currently no specific treatment or vaccine for ZIKV, leading researchers to investigate its pathogenesis and clinical symptoms to improve understanding and develop future prevention and treatment strategies.
Throughout evolution, the placenta has diversified in both structure and cellular composition while maintaining its fundamental function. Trophoblasts are fetal-derived cells responsible for nourishing and protecting the developing fetus and are a universal component of all placentas. While primate placentas exhibit many shared morphological features, species-specific differences in gene expression remain largely unexplored, primarily due to the lack of suitable models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanoparticle-mediated delivery of placental gene therapy via uterine artery catheterization in a pregnant rhesus macaque.
Placenta
September 2024
Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Center for Research in Perinatal Outcomes, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. Electronic address:
Nanoparticles offer promise as a mechanism to non-invasively deliver targeted placental therapeutics. Our previous studies utilizing intraplacental administration demonstrate efficient nanoparticle uptake into placental trophoblast cells and overexpression of human IGF1 (hIGF1). Nanoparticle-mediated placental overexpression of hIGF1 in small animal models of placental insufficiency and fetal growth restriction improved nutrient transport and restored fetal growth.
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