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Discovery and exploration of adaptive immune response-related drug targets in diabetic retinopathy by Mendelian randomization.
Diabetes Res Clin Pract
January 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China. Electronic address:
Background: Persistent diabetes raises diabetic retinopathy (DR) risk, and management is challenging. Integrating transcriptomics and MR, this study provides a current reference for the clinical treatment of DR by identifying potential drug targets in adaptive immune response-associated genes (AIR-RGs).
Methods: The GSE102485 dataset about AIR-RGs and DR was downloaded from a public database.
Purpose: Understanding the molecular mechanisms of adaptive regulation in the tumor microenvironment is crucial for precision therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We hypothesized that cargo proteins carried by extracellular vesicles (EVs) released in a hypoxic microenvironment might promote HCC progression by remodeling tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs).
Methods: EV protein analysis by label-free proteomics mass spectrometry of HCC cell lines of different tumor grades was performed.
A weight of evidence review on the mode of action, adversity, and the human relevance of xylene's observed thyroid effects in rats.
Crit Rev Toxicol
January 2025
Product Stewardship, Science & Regulatory, Shell Global Solutions International B.V. The Hague, the Netherlands.
Xylene substances have wide industrial and consumer uses and are currently undergoing dossier and substance evaluation under Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) for further toxicological testing including consideration of an additional neurotoxicological testing cohort to an extended one-generation reproduction toxicity (EOGRT) study. New repeated dose study data on xylenes identify the thyroid as a potential target tissue, and therefore a weight of evidence review is provided to investigate whether or not xylene-mediated changes on the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis are secondary to liver enzymatic induction and are of a magnitude that is relevant for neurological human health concerns. Multiple published studies confirm xylene-mediated increases in liver weight, hepatocellular hypertrophy, and liver enzymatic induction the oral or inhalation routes, including an increase in uridine 5'-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase (UDP-GT) activity, the key step in thyroid hormone metabolism in rodents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanomedicine-unlocked radiofrequency dynamic therapy dampens incomplete radiofrequency ablation-arised immunosuppression to suppress cancer relapse.
Biomaterials
January 2025
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Department of Ultrasound, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West Second Section, First Ring Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China. Electronic address:
Incomplete radiofrequency ablation (iRFA) not only leaves residual tumor, but also render the residual tumor highly self-adaptable and immunosuppressive, consequently expediting residual tumor progression including relapse. To address it, radiofrequency dynamic therapy (RFDT) with identical trigger (namely radiofrequency) has been established and enabled by polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified Fe-based single atom nanozyme (P@Fe SAZ). P@Fe SAZ can respond to radiofrequency field to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), attaining the nanomedicine-unlocked low-temperature RFDT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF3D Cell Culture Models as a Platform for Studying Tumor Progression, Testing Treatment Responses, and Discovering Biomarkers.
Methods Mol Biol
January 2025
Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Izmir Tinaztepe University, Izmir, Turkey.
In this chapter, we present a detailed protocol for establishing a three-dimensional (3D) multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTSs) model to simulate the tumor microenvironment (ME) associated with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) for the study of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and colorectal cancer (CRC) cell aggressiveness, growth, and metastasis potential. The MASLD microenvironment (MASLD-ME) is recreated by embedding hepatic stellate cells in a collagen I matrix within a Boyden chamber system. The metabolic medium mimics MASLD conditions, enriched with high glucose, fructose, insulin, and fatty acids, to simulate metabolic stresses associated with the disease.
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