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Tentative Application of a Streamlined Protocol to Determine Organ-Specific Regulations of Deiodinase 1 and Dehalogenase Activities as Readouts of the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Thyroid-Periphery-Axis.
Front Toxicol
March 2022
Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Berlin, Germany.
In animal studies, both in basic science and in toxicological assessment of potential endocrine disruptors, the state of the thyroid hormone (TH) axis is often described and defined exclusively by the concentrations of circulating THs and TSH. Although it is known that the local, organ-specific effects of THs are also substantially regulated by local mechanisms such as TH transmembrane transport and metabolism of TH by deiodinases, such endpoint parameters of the axis are rarely assessed in these experiments. Currently developed assays utilize the Sandell-Kolthoff reaction, a photometric method of iodide determination, to test the effect of chemicals on iodotyrosine and iodothyronine deiodinases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMuscle-derived Dpp regulates feeding initiation via endocrine modulation of brain dopamine biosynthesis.
Genes Dev
January 2020
Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA.
In animals, the brain regulates feeding behavior in response to local energy demands of peripheral tissues, which secrete orexigenic and anorexigenic hormones. Although skeletal muscle is a key peripheral tissue, it remains unknown whether muscle-secreted hormones regulate feeding. In , we found that (), the homolog of human bone morphogenetic proteins BMP2 and BMP4, is a muscle-secreted factor (a myokine) that is induced by nutrient sensing and that circulates and signals to the brain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluating Iodide Recycling Inhibition as a Novel Molecular Initiating Event for Thyroid Axis Disruption in Amphibians.
Toxicol Sci
December 2018
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, Duluth, Minnesota 55804.
The enzyme iodotyrosine deiodinase (dehalogenase, IYD) catalyzes iodide recycling and promotes iodide retention in thyroid follicular cells. Loss of function or chemical inhibition of IYD reduces available iodide for thyroid hormone synthesis, which leads to hormone insufficiency in tissues and subsequent negative developmental consequences. IYD activity is especially critical under conditions of lower dietary iodine and in low iodine environments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIodide handling disorders (NIS, TPO, TG, IYD).
Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab
March 2017
Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Iodide Handling Disorders lead to defects of the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones (thyroid dyshormonogenesis, TD) and thereafter congenital hypothyroidism (CH), the most common endocrine disease characterized by low levels of circulating thyroid hormones. The prevalence of CH is 1 in 2000-3000 live births. Prevention of CH is based on prenatal diagnosis, carrier identification, and genetic counseling.
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