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Non-colorectal Cancer Screening and Vaccinations in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Expert Review.
Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol
January 2025
Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville FL. Electronic address:
Description: The aim of this American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) Clinical Practice Update (CPU) is to provide best practice advice (BPA) statements for gastroenterologists and other health care providers who provide care to patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The focus is on IBD-specific screenings (excluding colorectal cancer screening, which is discussed separately) and vaccinations. We provide guidance to ensure that patients are up to date with the disease-specific cancer screenings, vaccinations, as well as advice for mental health and general wellbeing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLive-attenuated vaccines for multiple sclerosis patients living in regions with endemic infections: A complex decision.
Mult Scler
December 2024
Department of Neurology, Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Live-attenuated vaccines provide robust immunity against diseases like tuberculosis, measles, mumps, rubella, polio, yellow fever, dengue, typhoid fever, and varicella, with just one or a few doses. However, concerns arise regarding potential pathogen reversion to virulence, which is particularly risky for immunocompromised individuals, contraindicating their administration in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients under modified disease treatments due to the possibility of triggering infections, or stimulating the immune system, precipitating new exacerbations. On the contrary, these vaccines offer enduring immunity that is crucial for protecting MS patients from endemic infectious diseases, leading to severe complications if contracted.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLive Attenuated Vaccine Administration in Children Treated With Methotrexate or Dupilumab.
Pediatr Dermatol
December 2024
Department of Pediatrics and Dermatology, SSM Health and Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Background And Objectives: A wholesale recommendation against use of live virus vaccines in patients treated with any medication classified as an immunosuppressant has been based on global theoretical concerns rather than clinical outcomes for specific drugs.
Methods: A retrospective search of electronic medical records identified patients seen by the Allergy and/or Dermatology services between 2017 and 2023 at a pediatric tertiary center who received a live attenuated vaccine during the 6 week interval prior to the first prescription for methotrexate or dupilumab until 6 weeks after the last prescription for either medication. Individual charts of identified patients were manually reviewed for evidence of adverse events.
Multiplexed Detection, Partitioning, and Persistence of Wild-Type and Vaccine Strains of Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Viruses in Wastewater.
Environ Sci Technol
December 2024
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States.
Wastewater surveillance of vaccine-preventable diseases may provide early warning of outbreaks and identify areas to target for immunization. To advance wastewater monitoring of measles, mumps, and rubella viruses, we developed and validated a multiplexed RT-ddPCR assay for the detection of their RNA. Because the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine is an attenuated live virus vaccine, we also developed an assay that distinguishes between wild-type and vaccine strains of measles in wastewater and validated it using a wastewater sample collected from a facility with an active measles outbreak.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPreliminary Study on Type I Interferon as a Mucosal Adjuvant for Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus F Protein.
Vaccines (Basel)
November 2024
NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO WPRO Regional Reference Measles/Rubella Laboratory, Beijing 102206, China.
Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) imposes a significant disease burden on infants and the elderly. Intranasal immunization using attenuated live vaccines and certain vector vaccines against HRSV has completed phase II clinical trials with good safety and efficacy.Recombinant protein vaccines for mucosal immunization require potent mucosal adjuvants.
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