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Mechanisms of Antitumor Activity of Low Doses of Radiation Associated with Activation of Cells' Defense System.
Dokl Biochem Biophys
January 2025
State Research Center-Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 123098, Moscow, Russia.
Background: The effects of ionizing radiation (IR) involve a highly orchestrated series of events in cells, including DNA damage and repair, cell death, and changes in the level of proliferation associated with the stage of the cell cycle. A large number of existing studies in literature have examined the activity of genes and their regulators in mammalian cells in response to high doses of ionizing radiation. Although there are many studies, the research in effect of low doses of ionizing radiation remains limited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe maternal X chromosome affects cognition and brain ageing in female mice.
Nature
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Female mammalian cells have two X chromosomes, one of maternal origin and one of paternal origin. During development, one X chromosome randomly becomes inactivated. This renders either the maternal X (X) chromosome or the paternal X (X) chromosome inactive, causing X mosaicism that varies between female individuals, with some showing considerable or complete skew of the X chromosome that remains active.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFgene mutation through CRISPR RNA-guided base editing weakens bacterial virulence and immune evasion.
Virulence
December 2025
Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
The resistance of commonly used clinical antibiotics, such as daptomycin (DAP), has become increasingly serious in the fight against () infection. It is essential to explore key pathogenicity-driven genes/proteins in bacterial infection and antibiotics resistance, which contributes to develop novel therapeutic strategies against infections. The gene of , encoding 5'-nucleotidase (NT5), is nearly unknown for its function in drug resistance and bacterial infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMK-801 attenuates one-trial tolerance in the elevated plus maze via the thalamic nucleus reuniens.
Neuropharmacology
January 2025
Nanhu Brain-computer Interface Institute, Hangzhou 311100, China; Department of Neurobiology and Department of Psychiatry of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310058 Hangzhou, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou 311121, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. Electronic address:
Anxiety, a future-oriented negative emotional state, is characterized by heightened arousal and vigilance. The elevated plus maze (EPM) test is a widely used assay of anxiety-related behaviors in rodents and shows a phenomenon where animals with prior test experience tend to avoid open arms in retest sessions. While this one-trial tolerance (OTT) phenomenon limits the reuse of the EPM test, the potential mechanisms remain unsolved.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLuteinizing hormone receptor knockout mouse: What has it taught us?
Andrology
January 2025
Department of Digestion, Metabolism and Reproduction, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Luteinizing hormone (LH), along with its agonist choriongonadotropin (hCG) in humans, is the key hormone responsible for the tropic regulation of the gonadal function. LH and hCG act through their cognate receptor, the luteinizing hormone/choriongonadotropin receptor (LHCGR; more appropriately LHR in rodents lacking CG), located in the testis in Leydig cells and in the ovary in theca, luteal, and luteinizing granulosa cells. Low levels in LHCGR are also expressed in numerous extragonadal sites.
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