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Unlabelled: Accurate estimation of the Lung Shunt Fraction (LSF) is a standard of care in yttrium-90 ( Y) radioembolization treatment planning to prevent excessive lung irradiation due to arterio-venous shunting in the liver. LSF is assessed using Tc macroaggregated albumin ( Tc-MAA) imaging, but this approach adds risk, complexity, and expense to the treatment planning. This study investigates the potential of Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography (CECT) as a non-invasive alternative for LSF estimation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFluid-structure interaction in a follow-up study of arterio-venous fistula maturation.
Sci Rep
November 2024
School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
Article Synopsis
- - Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the ideal vascular access for patients undergoing hemodialysis, created by surgically connecting an artery and vein, but research indicates that many do not function beyond a year.
- - This study utilized fluid-structure interaction (FSI) modeling to analyze non-Newtonian blood flow in a specific type of AVF over a 15-week and 1.5-year period, assessing both hemodynamic changes and wall alterations through ultrasound.
- - Key findings included the presence of counter-rotating vortices affecting pressure, different patterns of blood flow characteristics over time, minimal low-wall shear stress in healthy AVFs, and shifts in areas of maximum wall deformation as time
Cerebral vascular shunting and oxygen metabolism in sickle cell disease.
Blood Adv
November 2024
Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States.
Patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) are at elevated risk of silent cerebral infarcts and strokes; however, they frequently lack established stroke risk factors (e.g., macrovascular arterial steno-occlusion) and as such the mechanisms underlying such events are incompletely characterized.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKey Biophysical and Physiological Properties Impacting the Oxygenation Status of Breast Cancers During Thermo-radiotherapy.
Adv Exp Med Biol
October 2024
Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Article Synopsis
- Mild hyperthermia (39-43 °C) is used locoregionally for 30-60 minutes to enhance oxygenation in recurrent breast cancers, which can improve the effectiveness of various treatments like radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy.!* -
- Data from clinical trials and experiments show that breast cancer tissue generally has higher water content and density compared to normal breast tissue, and these values increase during mild hyperthermia.!* -
- Key factors affecting oxygenation in both healthy and cancerous breast tissue include blood flow, interstitial fluid dynamics, and tissue permeability, with most parameters improving under mild hyperthermia treatment.!*
Diabetic Charcot neuroarthropathy: A threat to both limb and life.
Diabetes Obes Metab
January 2025
Midstate Endocrine Associates, Lipscomb University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Diabetic Charcot neuroarthropathy (DCN) is a rare but serious complication of diabetes, particularly affecting those with diabetic neuropathy, where the incidence rises to 30%, especially among type 1 diabetics.
- It typically presents as a painless, swollen, and warm foot or ankle, with MRI and X-ray revealing specific joint abnormalities, often in a particular order.
- Treatment primarily involves prolonged immobilization and offloading, with potential but unproven therapeutic options; there's a high risk of amputation and increased mortality, especially when foot ulcers are present, necessitating surgical intervention to prevent recurrence.
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