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A systematic review of the effects of airborne microplastic contamination on human lungs.
Afr J Reprod Health
October 2024
Faculty of Health, Universitas dr. Soebandi. Indonesia.
Article Synopsis
- - Microplastics are tiny plastic particles that arise from the breakdown of plastic waste, and humans are estimated to inhale about 100,000 of these particles daily, which may have harmful effects on lung health.
- - The research involved a systematic review of 15 articles sourced from four major scientific databases, applying strict criteria to ensure quality and relevance, and used the JBI Critical Appraisal Tool to minimize bias.
- - The findings indicate that airborne microplastics have detrimental effects on human lungs, leading to a recommendation for new government policies aimed at reducing plastic use to mitigate airborne pollution.
Structure Confirmation of Three New Psychoactive Substances and Qualitative Identification of Unknown Substances.
Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi
August 2024
Jiangxi Qiushi Forensic Appraisal Center, Nanchang 330006, China.
Objectives: To establish the structural confirmation methods of three suspected new psychoactive substances (NPSs), and explore a more general qualitative testing method.
Methods: Infrared absorption spectroscopy (IR), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-NMR), C-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (C-NMR), F-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (F-NMR) and other techniques were used to identify the composition and structure of 5 samples containing suspected NPS submitted by public security bureaus.
Results: NPSs were found in the above 5 samples, and 3 were confirmed as NPS included in the newly listed controlled substances on July 1, 2024, namely 2-(methylamino)-2-(2-methylphenyl)cyclohexan-1-one (2-MDCK), 2-(ethylamino)-2-(2-fluorophenyl)cyclohexan-l-one (2-FXE), 1-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2-(dimethylamino)pentan-1-one (dipentylone), respectively.
Epidemiology and Risk Determinants of Drug-Induced Liver Injury: Current Knowledge and Future Research Needs.
Liver Int
November 2024
Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, FDA's National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a significant health issue linked to medications, supplements, and herbal products, with increased concern due to an aging population and higher use of biologics, especially in those with chronic illnesses.
- The review shows that DILI incidence is higher in hospitalized patients and suggests that older adults and women might experience it more due to increased medication use and physiological changes with aging.
- The article concludes that while more research is needed to understand the complexities of DILI, particularly regarding drug properties and non-genetic host factors, addressing these knowledge gaps is essential for better prevention and management.
Reconsideration of the health effects of monosodium glutamate: from bench to bedside evidence.
J Environ Sci Health C Toxicol Carcinog
January 2025
African Centre of Excellence for Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria.
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a food additive that enhances the palatability of foods, thus its frequent use both domestically and industrially. Based on the dose-factor, frequency, and duration of exposure, MSG may provoke adverse health outcomes both in animals and humans. The present report aims at providing a comprehensive analysis of the scientifically proven untoward health effects of MSG.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExosomal therapy mitigates silver nanoparticles-induced neurotoxicity in rats.
Biomarkers
November 2024
Lecturer of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt.
Introduction: Our investigation aims to appraise the neuroprotective impact of Bone Marrow-Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BM-MSCs) derived exosomes against Ag NPs-inducing neurotoxicity in rats.
Materials And Methods: Twenty-four albino rats were divided into 3 groups. Group I (control negative), Group II (intraperitoneally injected with Ag NPs for 28 days, whereas Group III (intraperitoneally injected with Ag NP and BM-MSCs derived exosomes.
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