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Dispersal of influenza virus populations within the respiratory tract shapes their evolutionary potential.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322.
Viral infections are characterized by dispersal from an initial site to secondary locations within the host. How the resultant spatial heterogeneity shapes within-host genetic diversity and viral evolutionary pathways is poorly understood. Here, we show that virus dispersal within and between the nasal cavity and trachea maintains diversity and is therefore conducive to adaptive evolution, whereas dispersal to the lungs gives rise to population heterogeneity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKRT9 is required for GBP5 suppression of human respiratory syncytial virus.
J Virol
January 2025
Institute of Virology and AIDS Research, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
Unlabelled: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections continue to plague infants, young children, and older individuals worldwide. Since there is no specific treatment for RSV, characterizing the interactions between RSV and host factors remains crucial for the eventual development of robust therapeutic interventions. In our previous study, guanylate binding protein 5 (GBP5) was shown to promote excessive RSV-small hydrophobic (RSV-SH) protein secretion by microvesicles and inhibited viral replication.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRobust Diagnosis of Acute Bacterial and Viral Infections via Host Gene Expression Rank-Based Ensemble Machine Learning Algorithm: A Multi-Cohort Model Development and Validation Study.
Clin Chem
January 2025
Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Background: The accurate and prompt diagnosis of infections is essential for improving patient outcomes and preventing bacterial drug resistance. Host gene expression profiling as an approach to infection diagnosis holds great potential in assisting early and accurate diagnosis of infection.
Methods: To improve the precision of infection diagnosis, we developed InfectDiagno, a rank-based ensemble machine learning algorithm for infection diagnosis via host gene expression patterns.
Extracellular acyl-CoA-binding protein as an independent biomarker of COVID-19 disease severity.
Front Immunol
January 2025
Inflammation and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Background: Factors leading to severe COVID-19 remain partially known. New biomarkers predicting COVID-19 severity that are also causally involved in disease pathogenesis could improve patient management and contribute to the development of innovative therapies. Autophagy, a cytosolic structure degradation pathway is involved in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis, degradation of intracellular pathogens and generation of energy for immune responses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTherapeutic effects of platelet-derived extracellular vesicles on viral myocarditis correlate with biomolecular content.
Front Immunol
January 2025
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States.
Introduction: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can potently inhibit inflammation yet there is a lack of understanding about the impact of donor characteristics on the efficacy of EVs. The goal of this study was to determine whether the sex and age of donor platelet-derived EVs (PEV) affected their ability to inhibit viral myocarditis.
Methods: PEV, isolated from men and women of all ages, was compared to PEV obtained from women under 50 years of age, which we termed premenopausal PEV (pmPEV).
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