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Single-Virus Microscopy of Biochemical Events in Viral Entry.
JACS Au
January 2025
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Box 800759, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, United States.
Cell entry by enveloped viruses involves a set of multistep, multivalent interactions between viral and host proteins as well as manipulation of nanoscale membrane mechanics by these interacting partners. A mechanistic understanding of these events has been challenging due to the complex nature of the interactions and the event-to-event heterogeneity involved. Single-virus microscopy has emerged as a powerful technique to probe viral binding and fusion kinetics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemical Reactions on a Single Linear Chain Show Cooperativity.
JACS Au
January 2025
Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry & Physics, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China.
Individual molecules dissolved in a dilute solution are usually considered not to correlate with each other as they undergo chemical reactions due to the mismatch of the diffusion and reaction time scales. Recent studies suggest otherwise, especially for reactions involving macromolecules. With selenopolypeptides as a model system, we used ensemble measurements and single-molecule direct imaging to investigate the correlation between physically constrained chemical reaction sites on a linear polymer chain and the coupling effects between conformation changes and reaction kinetics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPyridinamide Ion Pairs: Design Principles for Super-Nucleophiles in Apolar Organic Solvents.
J Org Chem
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 München, Germany.
A comprehensive analytical protocol combining conductivity, diffusion-ordered NMR (DOSY), and photometric kinetic measurements is employed to analyze the nucleophilic reactivity of pyridinamide ion pairs in low-polarity organic solvents. The association patterns of these systems are found to strongly depend on cation size, with larger cations favoring the formation of cationic triple ion sandwich complexes together with free and highly nucleophilic anions. Kinetic studies using the ionic strength-controlled benzhydrylium method demonstrate that pyridinamide ions exhibit significantly higher nucleophilicities as compared to established organocatalysts, particularly in low-polarity solvents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKinetics of the Oxidation of the [2Fe-2S] Cluster in SoxR by Redox-Active Compounds as Studied by Pulse Radiolysis.
Biochemistry
January 2025
The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Osaka, Ibaraki 567-0047, Japan.
SoxR containing a [2Fe-2S] cluster required for its transcription activity functions as a bacterial stress-response sensor that is activated through oxidation by redox-active compounds (RACs). SoxR from (EcSoxR) is activated by nearly all RACs nonspecifically. In contrast, nonenteric SoxRs such as (PaSoxR), and (ScSoxR) activate their target genes in response to RAC including endogenously produced metabolites.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe second life for unused COVID-19 vaccines: Towards biosensing application.
Talanta
January 2025
State Research Institute Center for Physical and Technological Sciences, Sauletekio ave. 3, Vilnius, Lithuania; Pharmacy and Pharmacology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Ciurlionio str. 21, Vilnius, Lithuania. Electronic address:
Many vaccines have been produced during the COVID-19 pandemic. Currently, an increasing number of vaccines have reached an expiration date without being used. Therefore, expired vaccines (EXVAX) based on virus-like particles (VLP) recombinant SARS-CoV2-S protein can be repurposed for biosensing application and provide a use, even though they are past their expiration date for vaccination.
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