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Neurodegenerative Disorders in Criminal Offending and Cognitive Decline Among Aging Inmates.
NeuroSci
January 2025
Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy.
Dementia, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD), presents critical challenges for correctional systems, particularly as global populations age. AD, affecting 60-80% of dementia cases, primarily impairs memory and cognition in individuals over 65. In contrast, FTD, rarer than AD but not uncommon in those under 65, affects the frontal and temporal brain regions, leading to deficits in social behavior, language, and impulse control, often resulting in antisocial actions and legal consequences.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEarly detection and management of hearing loss to reduce dementia risk in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: findings from the treating auditory impairment and cognition trial (TACT).
Age Ageing
January 2025
Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK.
Background: Age-related hearing loss and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) independently increase dementia risk. The Ageing and Cognitive Health Evaluation in Elders randomised controlled trial (RCT) found hearing aids reduce cognitive decline in high-risk older adults with poor hearing.
Methods: This pilot RCT in London memory clinics randomised people with MCI (aged ≥55, untreated hearing loss defined as Pure Tone Average 0.
Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) cardiac turnkey order set for perioperative pain management in cardiac surgery: Proceedings from the American Association for Thoracic Surgery (AATS) ERAS Conclave 2023.
JTCVS Open
December 2024
Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md.
Objective: Optimal perioperative pain management is an essential component of perioperative care for the cardiac surgical patient. This turnkey order set is part of a series created by the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Cardiac Society, first presented at the Annual Meeting of The American Association for Thoracic Surgery in 2023. Several guidelines and expert consensus documents have been published to provide guidance on pain management and opioid reduction in cardiac surgery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRationale: A scoping review was conducted to investigate knowledge gaps in the informatics research literature regarding sex differences in cognitive decline, identifying existing studies and areas where further studies are needed.
Materials And Methods: We searched Ovid and other databases for studies on sex differences and cognitive decline, focusing on publications in peer-reviewed informatics journals and conference proceedings from 2000 to 2023. The selected manuscripts were analyzed and summarized through discussion among three reviewers.
Continuous worsening of population emotional stress globally: universality and variations.
BMC Public Health
December 2024
Urban Institute & Department of Civil Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-Ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
Background: Understanding emotional stress stability in populations is crucial because stress is a key factor in causing depression, and it worsens well-being.
Method: In this study, using repeated cross-sectional data from 149 countries from 2007 to 2021 (N = 2,450,043), we examined time trends of psychological stress in populations worldwide.
Results: Over half of the population experienced emotional stress in 20 countries, and 85% of the countries reported worse psychological stress in 2020 compared with 2008.
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