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Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase Deficiency (DPYD) Genotyping-Guided Fluoropyrimidine-Based Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer. A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis.
Clin Drug Investig
January 2025
Pharmacy Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar.
Background And Objective: While standard doses of adjuvant fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapies are generally safe for most patients, the risk of severe adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is increased for those with dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency (DPYD), a genetic variation that affects drug metabolism. The objective of this study was to examine the cost effectiveness of offering DPYD pharmacogenetic-guided care, where genetic testing informs personalized dosing versus the current standard of care (SoC), which involves administering fluoropyrimidine-based therapies without prior genetic screening, for local or metastatic breast cancer patients in Qatar.
Methods: We developed a two-stage decision analysis, with an analytic tree model over a 6-month period, followed by a life-table Markov model over a lifetime horizon.
Utilization of a human Liver Tissue Chip for drug-metabolizing enzyme induction studies of perpetrator and victim drugs.
Drug Metab Dispos
January 2025
Javelin Biotech, Inc, Woburn, Massachusetts. Electronic address:
Polypharmacy-related drug-drug interactions (DDIs) are a significant and growing healthcare concern. An increasing number of therapeutic drugs on the market underscores the necessity to accurately assess new drug combinations during preclinical evaluation for DDIs. In vitro primary human hepatocytes (PHH) models are only applicable for short-term induction studies because of their rapid loss of metabolic function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAtmospheric refraction imposes a fundamental limitation on the accuracy and precision of geodetic measurements that utilize electromagnetic waves. For terrestrial observations at optical wavelengths recorded over flat terrain, the vertical temperature gradient controls the bending of the rays thus affecting mostly the vertical angle measurement. The rules of thumb for mitigating these effects (variation ranges and short-term fluctuations) are based on intuition and practitioner experience.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPosition detection of elements, especially with high-precision and high-efficiency, continue to present challenges in the off-axis three-mirror space optical system to ensure the imaging quality. To test the position of elements in an off-axis three-mirror system, a method based on ResNet50 and Long short-term memory (LSTM) is proposed in this paper. In the proposed method, point spread function (PSF) with different fields of view is extracted as a high dimensional feature vector by the ResNet50 network to achieve high efficiency.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMachine learning reveals the dynamic importance of accessory sequences for outbreak clustering.
mBio
January 2025
Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.
Unlabelled: Bacterial typing at whole-genome scales is now feasible owing to decreasing costs in high-throughput sequencing and the recent advances in computation. The unprecedented resolution of whole-genome typing is achieved by genotyping the variable segments of bacterial genomes that can fluctuate significantly in gene content. However, due to the transient and hypervariable nature of many accessory elements, the value of the added resolution in outbreak investigations remains disputed.
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