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REACH assessment of humans exposed to chemicals indirectly via the environment: screening modeling in EUSES versus state of the science.
Integr Environ Assess Manag
January 2025
Henkel AG & Co KGaA, Düsseldorf, Germany.
The assessment of humans indirectly exposed to chemicals via the environment (HvE) is an assessment element of the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation, and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) regulation. The European Union System for the Evaluation of Substances (EUSES) is the default screening tool, aimed at prioritizing chemicals for further refinement/higher tier assessment. This review summarizes the approach used in EUSES, evaluates the state of the science in human exposure modeling via the environment, and identifies areas for further research to strengthen the confidence and applicability of EUSES for assessing HvE.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA comprehensive retrospect on the current perspectives and future prospects of pneumoconiosis.
Front Public Health
January 2025
Environmental Exposures Vascular Disease Institute, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
Pneumoconiosis is a widespread occupational pulmonary disease caused by inhalation and retention of dust particles in the lungs, is characterized by chronic pulmonary inflammation and progressive fibrosis, potentially leading to respiratory and/or heart failure. Workers exposed to dust, such as coal miners, foundry workers, and construction workers, are at risk of pneumoconiosis. This review synthesizes the international and national classifications, epidemiological characteristics, strategies for prevention, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, pathogenesis, and treatment of pneumoconiosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInhalation of multiple pen caps causing bronchial foreign bodies: a rare case in an older child.
BMC Pediatr
January 2025
Department of Pulmonology, Tianjin Children's Hospital (Children's Hospital of Tianjin University), Machang compus, 225 Machang Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300074, China.
Background: Foreign body inhalation is rare in older children, often leading to underdiagnosis and delayed treatment. Most cases involve a single foreign body, but instances of multiple foreign bodies are exceedingly uncommon. This report presents a case of an elder child who inhaled two pen caps, emphasizing the need for clinical vigilance and thorough medical history collection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF"Innovative multidisciplinary care in pediatric magnet aspiration: A case report".
Int J Surg Case Rep
January 2025
Department of Pediatric Surgery, The University of Child Health Sciences and The Children's Hospital, Lahore, Lahore - Kasur Rd, Nishtar Town, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan 54000.
Introduction: Foreign body (FB) inhalation is a potentially life-threatening condition in children. Magnets, being rare, aspirated objects, pose significant threat due to their physical and magnetic properties.
Case Presentation: A 10-year-old girl with a history of magnet aspiration went into respiratory distress due to dislodgement of magnet to opposite main bronchus following failed attempt of removal via Rigid Bronchoscopy.
Jet versus vibrating mesh nebulizer for tobramycin aerosol in spontaneously breathing children with tracheostomies: A simulation study.
Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med
December 2024
Perioperative Care Program, Perioperative Medicine Team, Telethon Kids Institute, Northern Entrance, Perth Children's Hospital, 15 Hospital Ave, Nedlands WA 6009, Perth, Australia; Division of Emergency Medicine, Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley WA 6009, Perth, Australia; Institute for Paediatric Perioperative Excellence, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley WA 6009, Perth, Australia; Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Perth Children's Hospital, 15 Hospital Ave, Nedlands WA 6009, Perth, Australia. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Tracheostomy tubes increase the risk of respiratory infections, and initial treatment often involves nebulized tobramycin, but there’s a lack of standardized treatment guidelines.
- A study used a breathing simulator to test how much tobramycin reaches simulated children with tracheostomies, comparing delivery methods and doses for different child weights.
- Results showed that jet nebulizers delivered significantly more tobramycin than vibrating mesh nebulizers, highlighting the need for better dosing strategies and further research on drug delivery efficiency and higher dosages for this patient group.
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