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Background: Microglial activation is one of the neuropathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Evidence suggest that chronic activation of microglia cause neuroinflammation and neuronal injuries, contributing to cognitive impairment. Therefore, modulation of microglial pathway like CSF-1R represents an attractive therapeutic strategy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDeep Red-Light-Mediated Nitric Oxide and Photodynamic Synergistic Antibacterial Therapy for the Treatment of Drug-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
Small
January 2025
Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Jiangning, Nanjing, 210009, China.
Infections caused by persistent, drug-resistant bacteria pose significant challenges in inflammation treatment, often leading to severe morbidity and mortality. Herein, the photosensitizer rhodamine derivatives are selected as the light-trapping dye and the electron-rich substituent N-nitrosoaminophen as the nitric oxide (NO)-releasing component to develop a multifunctional (deep) red-light activatable NO photocage/photodynamic prodrug for efficient treatment of wounds and diabetic foot infections. The prodrug, RhB-NO-2 integrates antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), NO sterilization, and NO-mediated anti-inflammatory properties within a small organic molecule and is capable of releasing NO and generating Reactive oxygen species (ROS) when exposed to (deep) red laser (660 nm).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAccelerating repair of infected bone defects through post-reinforced injectable hydrogel mediated antibacterial/immunoregulatory microenvironment at bone-hydrogel interface.
Carbohydr Polym
March 2025
Department of Orthopedics Trauma and Microsurgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China; Hubei Clinical Medical Research Center of Trauma and Microsurgery, Wuhan 430000, China. Electronic address:
Functional injectable hydrogel (IH) is promising for infected bone defects (IBDs) repair, but how to endow it with desired antibacterial/immunoregulatory functions as well as avoid mechanical failures during its manipulation has posed as main challenges. Herein, rosmarinic acid (RosA), a natural product with antibacterial/immunoregulatory activities, was utilized to develop a FCR IH through forming phenylboronic acid ester bonds with 4-formylphenyl phenylboronic acid (4-FPBA) grafted chitosan (CS) (FC). After being applied to the IBD site, the FCR IH was then injected with tobramycin (Tob) solution, another alkaline antibacterial drug, to induce in situ crystallization of the FC, endowing the resultant FCRT hydrogel with adaptively enhanced mechanical strength and structural stability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRadiological and Pathological Analysis of Pembrolizumab-Associated Lung Lesions: Diagnostic Challenges and Management.
Am J Case Rep
January 2025
Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan.
BACKGROUND Pembrolizumab, a programmed cell-death protein-1 (PD-1)-targeting antibody, extends survival in cancer patients but may cause lung injury as a side effect. This immunotherapy enhances the immune system's ability to recognize and eliminate cancer cells. However, its immunomodulatory action can sometimes lead to immune-related adverse events, including lung injury.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHigh-frequency epidural electrical stimulation reduces spasticity and facilitates walking recovery in patients with spinal cord injury.
Sci Transl Med
January 2025
Modular Implantable Neuroprostheses (MINE) Laboratory, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele & Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, 20132 Milan, Italy.
Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes severe motor and sensory deficits, and there are currently no approved treatments for recovery. Nearly 70% of patients with SCI experience pathological muscle cocontraction and spasticity, accompanied by clinical signs such as patellar hyperreflexia and ankle clonus. The integration of epidural electrical stimulation (EES) of the spinal cord with rehabilitation has substantial potential to improve recovery of motor functions; however, abnormal muscle cocontraction and spasticity may limit the benefit of these interventions and hinder the effectiveness of EES in promoting functional movements.
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