The dose distribution pattern from a Delta-25 head scanner was evaluated experimentally in a 17.5-cm-diam cylinder water phantom for different scan speed and slice thickness combinations. TLD chips were used to measure the dose at different points across the scan section. The isodose curves thus obtained were found to be asymmetric, with the regions of maximum and minimum dose near the surface on the opposite sides of the phantom. The effect of changing the scan thickness and speed on dose was evaluated and a linear increase in dose with the increase of slice thickness was observed. This was consistent with the design of the line focus and the beam collimators used in this system. The effect of multiple slice scan on the dose was also evaluated.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.594632 | DOI Listing |
PLOS Glob Public Health
January 2025
CEPED, IRD-Université de Paris, ERL INSERM SAGESUD, Paris, France.
Bangladesh completed a primary series of COVID-19 vaccinations for about 86 individuals per 100 population as of 5 July 2023. However, ensuring higher coverage in vulnerable areas is challenging. We report on the COVID-19 vaccine uptake and associated factors among adults in two vulnerable areas in Bangladesh.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Public Health
January 2025
Centre for Health Economics Research and Modelling Infectious Diseases, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
Introduction: In relatively wealthy countries, substantial between-country variability in COVID-19 vaccination coverage occurred. We aimed to identify influential national-level determinants of COVID-19 vaccine uptake at different COVID-19 pandemic stages in such countries.
Methods: We considered over 50 macro-level demographic, healthcare resource, disease burden, political, socio-economic, labor, cultural, life-style indicators as explanatory factors and coverage with at least one dose by June 2021, completed initial vaccination protocols by December 2021, and booster doses by June 2022 as outcomes.
Cancer Med
January 2025
Clinical Research Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Background: 7-Hydroxymethotrexate (7-OHMTX) is the main metabolite in plasma following high-dose MTX (HD-MTX), which may result in activity and toxicity of the MTX. Moreover, 7-OHMTX could produce crystalline-like deposits within the renal tubules under acidic conditions or induce renal inflammation, oxidative stress, and cell apoptosis through various signaling pathways, ultimately leading to kidney damage. The objectives of this study were thus to explore the exposure-safety relationship of two compounds and search the most reliable marker for predicting HDMTX nephrotoxicity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123, Catania, Italy.
Recent investigations into radiation-induced side effects have focused on understanding the physiopathological consequences of irradiation on late-responding tissues like the spinal cord, which can lead to chronic progressive myelopathy. Proton therapy, an advanced radiation treatment, aims to minimize damage to healthy tissues through precise dose deposition. However, challenges remain, particularly regarding the variation in dose distribution, characterized by maximum deposition at the end of the proton range, known as the distal fall-off of a spread-out Bragg peak.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Clin Pharmacol
January 2025
Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Hospital Pharmacy, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-Cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, 466-8560, Japan.
Purpose: Tranexamic acid (TXA) is widely used as an antifibrinolytic drug. However, studies to determine the optimal blood concentration of TXA have produced inconsistent results. During cardiac surgery, cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) has serious effects on drug distribution, elimination, and plasma concentration.
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