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Hypokalemia is a common laboratory finding in hospitalized patients, typically resulting from insufficient potassium intake, renal or gastrointestinal losses, or intracellular shifts. While the underlying cause is often easily identifiable, certain cases present diagnostic challenges, and if left unrecognized, the consequences can be life-threatening. We report a rare and atypical case of severe symptomatic hypokalemia as the initial presentation of newly diagnosed Graves' disease.

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Amiodarone is an antiarrhythmic drug which may be associated with thyroid dysfunction. Type I amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis (AIT) is treated with thionamides and type II AIT is treated with glucocorticoids. Combined therapy is used in mixed or indeterminate forms.

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Sporadic thyrotoxic periodic paralysis (TPP) is a rare muscle disorder that manifests with abrupt muscle weakness and hypokalemia associated with hyperthyroidism. It is mostly reported in the Asian population, and rare in Caucasians. Only few cases have been reported in people with black ancestry.

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Article Synopsis
  • Thyrotoxicosis is when thyroid hormone levels are too high, affecting the whole body, and can significantly impact the heart through various mechanisms.
  • A rare case of thyrotoxic cardiomyopathy (TCM) was reported in a 37-year-old woman, characterized by heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and mainly affecting her atria.
  • The patient was diagnosed through tests showing high NT-proBNP levels and thyroid dysfunction, and she was successfully treated by a team of specialists using anti-thyroid medications and follow-up care.
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Hyperthyroidism: A Review.

JAMA

October 2023

Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition, and Weight Management, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.

Article Synopsis
  • Hyperthyroidism affects a small percentage of the global population, with overt hyperthyroidism occurring in 0.2% to 1.4% and subclinical hyperthyroidism in 0.7% to 1.4%, leading to serious health issues if left untreated, such as heart problems and osteoporosis.* -
  • The main cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves disease, predominantly affecting women, but other causes include toxic nodules; common symptoms include anxiety, weight loss, palpitations, and heat intolerance.* -
  • Diagnosis typically involves clinical evaluation and thyroid function tests, while treatment options for overt hyperthyroidism include medications, radioactive iodine, and surgery, with interventions for subclinical cases advised for those
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