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Acromegaly in humans and cats: Pathophysiological, clinical and management resemblances and differences.
Growth Horm IGF Res
June 2024
Pituitary Tumor Unit, Endocrinology Department, Hospital CUF Descobertas, Lisbon, Portugal; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Lisbon, Portugal. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Acromegaly is a disorder caused by excess growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), leading to distinct physical changes and various health complications in both humans and cats.
- A literature review highlighted similarities and differences in how acromegaly manifests in these species, including craniofacial changes, joint issues, and cardiometabolic risks.
- Both species experience growth-related problems and associated diseases, but unique symptoms like human-specific skin conditions and different physical changes in cats distinguish their presentations.
The Evolution of Pituitary Gland Surgery from the Ancients to the Millennials.
World Neurosurg
December 2023
Department of Cultures and Societies, University of Palermo, Italy; The Ronin Institute, Montclair, New Jersey, USA.
Located at the base of the skull, the pituitary gland has a long and controversial history, not only in terms of its anatomy, but especially in the functions it performs and in the attempt to approach it surgically. Considered by Galen of Pergamon to have a role in releasing waste products of the brain, a theory accepted until the 17th century, the pituitary gland became a separate entity once with the anatomical descriptions of the famous Andreas Vesalius. At the beginning of the 18th century, researches of the time began to be more and more interested in this gland, trying to identify its functions, and at the same time correcting the traditional theories that were wrong or incomplete.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIndication to dynamic and invasive testing in Cushing's disease according to different neuroradiological findings.
J Endocrinol Invest
March 2022
Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.
Purpose: Dynamic testing represents the mainstay in the differential diagnosis of ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome. However, in case of undetectable or detectable lesion < 6 mm on MRI, bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling (BIPSS) is suggested by current guidelines. Aim of this study was to analyze the performance of CRH, desmopressin and high-dose dexamethasone suppression test (HDDST) in the differential diagnosis of ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome as well as the impact of invasive and noninvasive tests on surgical outcome in patients affected by Cushing's disease (CD).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLeft-right side-specific endocrine signaling complements neural pathways to mediate acute asymmetric effects of brain injury.
Elife
August 2021
Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Brain injuries can interrupt descending neural pathways that convey motor commands from the cortex to spinal motoneurons. Here, we demonstrate that a unilateral injury of the hindlimb sensorimotor cortex of rats with completely transected thoracic spinal cord produces hindlimb postural asymmetry with contralateral flexion and asymmetric hindlimb withdrawal reflexes within 3 hr, as well as asymmetry in gene expression patterns in the lumbar spinal cord. The injury-induced postural effects were abolished by hypophysectomy and were mimicked by transfusion of serum from animals with brain injury.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluation of procoagulant imbalance in Cushing's syndrome after short- and long-term remission of disease.
J Endocrinol Invest
January 2022
Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore, Milano, Italy.
Objective: Patients with Cushing's syndrome (CS) are at high risk of venous thromboembolism related to a hypercoagulability due to procoagulant imbalance. However, whether these alterations are reversible after disease remission is still unclear. The endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) measured with and without the addition of thrombomodulin provides a global representation of coagulation and previous data confirmed hypercoagulable profile in patients with active hypercortisolism.
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