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Making Waves: Formulation components used in agriculture may serve as important precursors for nitrogenous disinfection byproducts.
Water Res
January 2025
Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States. Electronic address:
N-Nitrosamines, many of which are carcinogenic, mutagenic, and teratogenic, are disinfection byproducts (DBPs) formed from the reaction of chloramine with nitrogenous organic compounds during water disinfection. The identification of major nitrosamine precursors is important to understand and prevent nitrosamine formation. In this analysis, we propose that efforts to identify nitrosamine precursors must look beyond conventionally evaluated active agent chemicals to consider inert or inactive chemicals as potentially relevant precursors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExperiences of sexual and reproductive health screening and counseling in the clinical setting among adolescents and young adults with rheumatic disease.
Pediatr Rheumatol Online J
January 2025
Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Dept. of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1120 West Michigan St. CL200, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
Background: Our objective was to describe differences among adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with rheumatic disease using teratogens compared to non-users in receipt of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) counseling, teratogenicity knowledge, perceived importance of SRH topics, and preferences around counseling.
Methods: AYAs ages 14-23 years and assigned female at birth were recruited from pediatric rheumatology clinics at a Midwest tertiary care program. Participants completed a one-time online survey assessing SRH.
Fungal chemical warfare: the role of aflatoxin and fumonisin in governing the interaction between the maize pathogens, and .
Front Cell Infect Microbiol
January 2025
United States National Poultry Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture Toxicology and Mycotoxin Research Unit, Athens, GA, United States.
The mycotoxigenic fungi, and , commonly co-colonize maize in the field, yet their direct interactions at the chemical communication level have not been well characterized. Here, we examined if and how the two most infamous mycotoxins produced by these species, aflatoxin and fumonisin, respectively, govern interspecies growth and mycotoxin production. We showed that fumonisin producing strains of suppressed the growth of while non-producers did not.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: Congenital NAD deficiency disorder (CNDD) is a multisystem condition in which cardiac, renal, vertebral, and limb anomalies are most common, but anomalies in all organ systems have been identified. Patients with this condition have biallelic pathogenic variants involving genes in the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD ) synthesis pathway leading to decreased systemic NAD levels. CNDD anomalies mimic the clinical features described in vertebral-anal-cardiac-tracheoesophageal fistula-renal-limb (VACTERL) association raising the possibility that CNDD and VACTERL association possess similar underlying causes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDegradation of aflatoxin B in corn by water-assisted microwave irradiation and its kinetic.
Toxicon
January 2025
College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China. Electronic address:
Aflatoxin B (AFB) is a highly toxic, carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic mycotoxin commonly found in corn. In this work, water-assisted microwave irradiation (WMI) was used to degrade AFB in corn, during which the influencing factors and kinetics of AFB degradation were also studied. The results showed that the degree of corn crushing, the heating rate of WMI, the temperature of WMI, the solid-liquid ratio, the initial content of AFB and the microwave power were all important factors affecting the degradation of AFB.
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