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A randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial of ketamine in Rett syndrome.
J Neurodev Disord
January 2025
Rett Syndrome Research Trust, Trumbull, CT, USA.
Background: Preclinical studies and anecdotal case reports support the potential therapeutic benefit of low-dose oral ketamine as a treatment of clinical symptoms in Rett syndrome (RTT); however, no controlled studies have been conducted in RTT to evaluate safety, tolerability and efficacy.
Design: This was a sequentially initiated, dose-escalating cohort, placebo-controlled, double blind, randomized sequence, cross-over study of oral ketamine in 6-12-year-old girls with RTT to evaluate short-term safety and tolerability and explore efficacy.
Methods: Participants were randomized to either five days treatment with oral ketamine or matched placebo, followed by a nine-day wash-out period and then crossed-over to the opposite treatment.
Fenoldopam for preventing and treating acute kidney injury.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev
November 2024
Cochrane Kidney and Transplant, Centre for Kidney Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, Australia.
Article Synopsis
- Fenoldopam is a drug that selectively activates dopamine A1 receptors, increasing kidney blood flow, and it's being evaluated for its effectiveness and safety in preventing and treating acute kidney injury (AKI) in both adults and children.
- The review examined randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving fenoldopam related to AKI caused by surgery, radiocontrast exposure, or sepsis, using rigorous data collection and analysis methods.
- A total of 25 RCTs were identified, involving 3,339 participants, indicating a substantial body of research focused on fenoldopam's impact on AKI.
Novel immunomodulatory peptides from hydrolysates of the Rana spinosa (Quasipaa spinosa) meat and their immunomodulatory activity mechanism.
Food Chem
February 2025
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China. Electronic address:
In this study, hydrolysates of Rana spinosa meat were purified and characterized, and combined with molecular docking to screen potential immunomodulatory peptides and explore their activities and mechanisms of action. The results showed that 582 peptides were identified from the hydrolysates, and three novel immunomodulatory peptides, GIHETTYNS (1020.4512 Da), IADRMQKE (989.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGalantamine for dementia due to Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev
November 2024
Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
Background: Dementia leads to progressive cognitive decline, and represents a significant health and societal burden. Its prevalence is growing, with Alzheimer's disease as the leading cause. There is no cure for Alzheimer's disease, but there are regulatory-approved pharmacological interventions, such as galantamine, for symptomatic relief.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecular signature underlying (R)-ketamine rapid antidepressant response on anhedonic-like behavior induced by sustained exposure to stress.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav
December 2024
Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology and Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry and Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Electronic address:
Anhedonia induced by sustained stress exposure is a hallmark symptom of major depressive disorder (MDD) and in rodents, it can be accessed through the sucrose preference test (SPT). (R)-ketamine is a fast-acting antidepressant with less detrimental side effects and abuse liability compared to racemic ketamine. The present study combined high-throughput proteomics and network analysis to identify molecular mechanisms involved in chronic variable stress (CVS)-induced anhedonia and promising targets underlying (R)-ketamine rapid antidepressant response.
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