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Immuno-fibrotic networks and their protein mediators, such as cytokines and chemokines, have increasingly been appreciated for their critical role in cardiac healing and fibrosis during cardiomyopathy. Immune activation, trafficking, and extravasation are tightly regulated to ensure a targeted and effective response against non-self antigens/pathogens while preserving tolerance towards self-antigens and coordinate fibrotic responses for efficient scar formation, a distinction that is severely compromised during chronic diseases. It is clear that immune cells are not only the critical regulators of post-infarct healing and scarring but are also the key players in regulating fibroblast activation during left-ventricular (LV) remodeling.

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Background: Post-infarct ventricular septal rupture (PI-VSR) is a rare complication of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) but has very serious implications. Managing PI-VSR using transcatheter closure (TCC) presents varying challenges depending on the patient's condition. The aim of this study is to present a highly challenging case of multiple VSRs as a complication of AMI.

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Objectives: Post-infarct ventricular septal defect is a rare but devastating complication. Delayed treatment offers better outcomes than emergency surgery, but when acute cardiogenic shock or unstable haemodynamics occur, temporary mechanical circulatory support may be needed to stabilize patients until treatment. The aim of our systematic review was to assess the outcomes of using Impella in this setting.

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Hyaluronan provokes inflammation but suppresses phagocytotic function in macrophages.

J Mol Cell Cardiol

January 2025

Center for Cardiometabolic Science, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States of America. Electronic address:

Background: The extracellular matrix (ECM) provides structural and functional support for the myocardium, but myocardial infarction (MI) changes the composition of the ECM. One of the chief components of the ECM, hyaluronan (HA), accumulates after MI; however, specific biological actions of HA-particularly at the level of infiltrating immune cells and implications of such interactions on ventricular remodeling-have not been explored.

Goal: Because acute accumulation of HA coincides with macrophage infiltration after MI, we assessed the impact of HA on macrophage function.

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Post-infarct ventricular septal defect (VSD) carries high mortality. Since emergent repair of post-infarct VSD is challenging, hemodynamic stabilization utilizing temporary mechanical circulatory support crucially provides time to delay intervention and allows necessary scar tissue formation which improves the fragility of myocardium and leads to a definitive repair. To date, there remains no standard for achieving hemodynamic stability, including usage and mode of temporary mechanical circulatory support.

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