The fungus Alternaria tenuis normally produces tenuazonic acid (3-acetyl-5-secbutyltetramic acid). On supplementation of the culture substrate with l-valine and l-leucine, the organism formed two new tetramic acids, 3-acetyl-5-isopropyltetramic acid and 3-acetyl-5-isobutyltetramic acid, respectively. l-Phenylalanine was not utilized by the organism as a tetramic acid precursor.
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Derivation of human toxicokinetic parameters and internal threshold of toxicological concern for tenuazonic acid through a human intervention trial and hierarchical Bayesian population modeling.
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